成都市外卖餐饮从业者营养素养水平及其与套餐营养素的相关性

目的 分析成都市外卖平台商家中热销外卖套餐的三大生热营养素供能情况,调查厨师和配餐员的营养素养水平,了解两者间的相关性。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取成都市主城区的100家外卖平台商家,对其店内销量最高的快食简餐类外卖套餐进行实验室检测,对其厨师和配餐员进行营养素养水平问卷调查,并对三大生热营养素供能合理性与营养素养、套餐价位分别进行相关性分析。结果 成都市外卖平台快食简餐类商家的厨师/配餐员的营养素养知识总及格率为61.0%,套餐中仅2.0%总能量供给合理,可利用碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪的供能合理率分别为3.0%、62.0%、21.0%,供能过剩分别为97.0%、26.0%、73.0%,其余为供能不足。不同价位套餐与三大生热营养素供能合理性之间无相关性,配餐员营养素养水平与蛋白质供能合理性之间呈正相关(r=0.414,P=0.003)。结论 成都市外卖平台快食简餐类商家厨师/配餐员营养素养水平一般。热销快食简餐类外卖套餐的各种营养素供能过剩问题突出。营养素养知识不能有效指导合理营养搭配,厨师和配餐员的营养素养水平与其所制作套餐的三大生热营养素供能合理性之间无相关性。

Associations between Takeaway Food Nutrients and Nutritional Literacy of Takeaway Platform Practitioners in Chengdu

Objective To investigate the nutritional literacy levels of the takeaway platform practitioners in Chengdu,the takeaway food nutrients,and the correlation between them.Methods We employed a multi-stage random sampling method to investigate the nutritional literacy levels of 100 takeaway platform restaurants in the main urban area of Chengdu and examined the nutritional components of hot set meals in each restaurant.A questionnaire survey was conducted on the nutritional literacy levels of chefs and food matching staff.The correlations of nutrient energy supply rationality with nutritional literacy level and set meal price were then analyzed.Results The total pass rate of nutrition knowledge of chefs/food matching staff was 61.0%.Only 2.0% of the set meals had reasonable total energy supply.The set meals with reasonable energy supply of available carbohydrate,protein,and fat accounted for 3.0%,62.0%,and 21.0%,and those with over energy supply accounted for 97.0%,26.0%,and 73.0%,respectively.The rest set meals provided insufficient energy.There was a positive correlation between the nutritional literacy level and the rationality of protein energy supply(r=0.414,P=0.003).Conclusions The nutritional literacy levels of chefs/food matching staff of takeaway food restaurants in Chengdu are moderate.The hot set meals on the takeaway platform have the problem of excess energy supply.The nutrition knowledge of chefs/food matching staff cannot effectively satisfy rational nutrition matching.The nutritional literacy levels of chefs/food matching staff showed no significant correlation with the rationality of nutrient energy supply.