Adjuvanted leptospiral vaccines: Challenges and future development of new leptospirosis vaccines |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratório Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas – Centro de Biotecnologia – Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Programa de Pos-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecniologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;2. Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;1. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Departments of Microbiology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia;2. Pfizer Animal Health, Parkville 3052, Australia;1. Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Núcleo de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Bacteriologia Veterinária, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia;2. Melioidosis Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;1. Laboratorio Especial de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas - Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;3. Laboratório de Zoonoses Bacterianas, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;1. Veterinary Public Health Lab, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria;2. Bacteriology Lab, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics Services Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;4. Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Animal Health and Fisheries Development, Usman Faruk Secretariat Complex, 840245, Sokoto State, Nigeria;5. Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria |
| |
| Abstract: | Leptospirosis is a neglected infectious disease of global importance. Vaccination is the most viable strategy for the control of leptospirosis, but in spite of efforts for the development of an effective vaccine against the disease, few advances have been made, and to date, bacterin is the only option for prevention of leptospirosis. Bacterins are formulations based on inactivated leptospires that present a series of drawbacks, such as serovar-dependence and short-term immunity. Therefore, bacterins are not widely used in humans, and only Cuba, France and China have these vaccines licensed for at-risk populations. The development of recombinant DNA technology emerges as an alternative to solve the problem. Recombinant protein-based vaccines or DNA vaccines seem to be an attractive strategy, but the use of adjuvants is critical for achievement of a protective immune response. Adjuvants are capable of enhancing and/or modulating immune responses by exposing antigens to antigen-presenting cells. In the last years, several components have been tested as adjuvants, such as aluminum salts, oil based-emulsion adjuvants, bacteria-derived components and liposomes. This review highlights the use of adjuvants in the multiple vaccine approaches that have been used for leptospirosis and their most important immunological aspects. Immune response data generated by these strategies can contribute to the understanding of the immune mechanisms involved in protection against leptospirosis, and consequently, the development of effective vaccines against this disease. This is the first review on leptospiral vaccines focusing on adjuvant aspects. |
| |
| Keywords: | Leptospirosis Vaccine Adjuvant |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
