FOXN2在前列腺癌组织的表达及对前列腺癌细胞生物学的影响

探讨双头框蛋白N2（FOXN2）在前列腺癌（PCa）组织中的表达以及对PCa细胞生物学的影响。方法 选取宜宾市第二人民医院50例接受手术治疗的PCa患者的标本及癌旁组织，通过RT-qPCR实验和Western blot实验分别检测PCa组织和癌旁组织中的FOXN2 mRNA及蛋白的表达水平，并分析PCa组织中FOXN2与患者临床病理特征的相关性。通过RT-qPCR实验检测正常前列腺细胞RWPE-1、PCa细胞PC-3、DU145、LNCaP中FOXN2 mRNA的表达水平。选取PC-3细胞为研究对象，分为FOXN2过表达组、空载体对照组以及对照组，分别通过MTT实验、流式细胞实验、Transwell实验以及Western blot实验检测各组细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭情况以及相关蛋白Bax、CyclinD1、MMP-2的表达量。结果 与癌旁组织相比，FOXN2的mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著降低（P<0.05），与TCGA数据库中结果一致。FOXN2低表达与PCa患者淋巴转移、TNM分期以及Gleason评分有关（P=0.003、0.005、0.002）。与人正常前列腺细胞RWPE-1相比，FOXN2在PCa细胞PC-3、DU145、LNCaP中均呈现低表达（P<0.05），其中PC-3细胞中表达量最低。与对照组和空载体对照组相比，FOXN2过表达组的PC-3细胞在作用24 、48 、72 h后增殖能力显著下降（F=290.400、57.735、113.014，P<0.05），CyclinD1蛋白表达水平显著下降（P<0.05）；PC-3细胞的凋亡率显著升高（P<0.05），Bax蛋白表达水平显著升高（P<0.05）；PC-3细胞的迁移和侵袭能力显著下降（P<0.05），MMP-2蛋白表达水平显著下降（P<0.05）。结论 FOXN2在PCa组织及细胞中低表达，过表达FOXN2可抑制PCa细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭，并促进细胞凋亡。

Expression of FOXN2 in prostate cancer and its effects on biological behavior of prostate cancer cells

To investigate the expression of FOXN2 in prostate cancer(PCa) tissues and its effects on the biology of PCa cells. Methods  Tissues were selected from 50 PCa patients and adjacent tissues who underwent surgery in our hospital. The expression levels of FOXN2 mRNA and protein in PCa tissue and adjacent tissues were detected by RT-qPCR experiment and Western-blot experiment, respectively, and the correlation between FOXN2 in PCa tissue and patients' clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The expression level of FOXN2 mRNA in normal prostate cells RWPE-1, PCa cells PC-3, DU145, and LNCaP was detected by RT-qPCR experiment. PC-3 cells as the research object were selected and divided into FOXN2 overexpression group, empty vector control group and control group. MTT experiment, flow cytometry experiment, Transwell experiment and Western blot experiment were used to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of each group and the expression of related proteins Bax, CyclinD1, and MMP-2.Results   Compared with the adjacent tissues, the mRNA and protein expression levels of FOXN2 were significantly decreased (P<0.05), which was consistent with the results in TCGA database.  Low FOXN2 expression was associated with lymphatic metastasis, TNM stage, and Gleason score in prostate cancer patients (P=0.003, 0.005, 0.002).  Compared with human normal prostate cells rwPE-1, FOXN2 showed low expression in PCa cells PC-3, DU145 and LNCaP (P<0.05), and PC-3 cells had the lowest expression.  Compared with the control group and the empty vector control group, the proliferation ability of PC-3 cells in FOXN2 overexpression group was significantly decreased (F=290.400, 57.735, 113.014, P<0.05) after treatment for 24, 48 and 72 h, and the expression level of CyclinD1 protein was significantly decreased (P<0.05).  The apoptosis rate and Bax protein expression level of PC-3 cells were significantly increased (P<0.05).  The migration and invasion ability of PC-3 cells were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression level of MMP-2 protein was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusions  FOXN2 is underexpressed in PCa tissues and cells, and overexpression of FOXN2 can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells, and promote cell apoptosis.