人参皂苷CK 对神经退行性疾病的神经保护作用

近年来，随着我国人口老龄化速度加快，神经退行性疾病（neurodegenerative diseases）的发病率和死亡率都有所增加，如阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease，AD）、血管性痴呆（vascular dementia，VD）、帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease，PD）、缺血性脑血管病（ischemia cerebral vascular disease，ICVD）、癫痫（epilepsy，EP）等。人参（ginseng）是我国传统的草本植物，具有安神益智、抗衰老等功效。人参皂苷（ginsenoside）是人参中的主要活性成分，其中人参皂苷CK（ginsenoside compound K，CK）是原人参二醇型人参皂苷在肠道内的代谢产物，研究发现CK具有神经保护等作用。CK的神经保护机制涉及抗氧化应激、抗炎、提高能量代谢、抗自噬、抗凋亡、调节神经递质等。该文综述了CK对神经退行性疾病的神经保护作用以及CK的神经保护作用机制，以期为神经退行性疾病药物的治疗及研发提供理论参考。

The Neuroprotective Effect of Ginsenoside Compound K on Neurodegenerative Diseases

In recent years，the incidence and mortality of neurodegenerative diseases have increased with the acceleration of population aging in China，such as Alzheimer’s disease，vascular dementia，Parkinson’s disease，ischemia cerebral vascular disease，epilepsy and so on. Ginseng is a traditional herb in China，which has the effects of anti-aging，calming the mind and promoting intelligence. Ginsenoside is the main active ingredient in ginseng. Ginsenoside compound K is the metabolite of protopanaxadiol ginsenoside in the intestine. It was found that CK has neuroprotective effects. The neuroprotective mechanism of CK was involved in antioxidant stress，anti-inflammation，increased energy metabolism，anti-autophagy，antiapoptosis，regulation of neurotransmitters and so on. Here we review the neuroprotective effect of CK on neurodegenerative diseases and the neuroprotective mechanism of CK，in order to provide theoretical reference for the treatment and research and development of drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.