西藏地区脑转移癌临床病理分析

目的 探讨西藏地区藏族患者经病理确诊脑转移癌的临床病理特征及免疫组织化学表型。方法 回顾性分析2014至2020年西藏自治区人民医院病理科存档的全部脑转移性肿瘤病例,收集患者临床和病理资料,其中13例为脑转移癌。全部病例均经免疫组织化学染色辅助诊断及分型。结果 13例脑转移癌病例,年龄26~62岁,男女比例9∶4,临床表现主要为头痛、头晕,部分伴恶心、呕吐。4例既往有肿瘤病史,9例既往无肿瘤病史,其中7例发现脑占位同时发现其他脏器占位。10例能查到影像学资料,其中4例为单发病灶,6例为多发病灶。11例有原发灶(8例原发灶为肺,4例为腺癌,3例为小细胞癌,1例为鳞癌;1例为肾盂、尿路上皮癌;1例为甲状腺乳头状癌;1例为子宫绒毛膜癌);2例原发灶不明(1例为小细胞癌,1例为腺癌)。结论 西藏地区脑转移癌多见于中老年人,多数病例无既往肿瘤史,以脑转移病灶为首发部位,最多见的原发部位为肺,个别病例原发灶不明。脑转移癌以多灶常见,其中大脑半球受累最多见。对于年龄较大的多发性脑占位患者需警惕转移癌的可能。

Clinicopathological Analysis of Brain Metastatic Carcinoma in Tibet

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical phenotypes of brain metastatic carcinoma in Tibetan patients. Methods The clinical and pathological data of all patients with brain metastases from 2014 to 2020 in Tibet Autonomous Region People’s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed,including 13 cases of brain metastatic carcinoma.All cases were diagnosed and classified by immunohistochemical staining. Results 13 cases(9 males and 4 females)of brain metastatic carcinoma,aged 26-62 years old,present with headache,dizziness,nausea and vomiting clinically.Four patients had a medical history of tumor,and among the 9 patients with no history of tumor,7 present space occupying lesions in both the brain and other organs.Imaging data could be found in 10 cases,including 4 cases of single lesion and 6 cases of multiple lesions.Primary tumors were identified in 11 cases(8 located in the lung,including 4 cases of adenocarcinoma,3 cases of small cell carcinoma,and 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma;1 case of urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis;1 case of thyroid papillary carcinoma;1 case of uterine choriocarcinoma),whereas the primary tumor was unknown for the other 2 cases(1 case of small cell carcinoma and 1 case of adenocarcinoma). Conclusions Brain metastatic carcinoma are more common among middle-aged and elderly people in Tibet.Most of the cases have no history of tumor,with the initial site at the brain metastatic lesions.The most common primary site is the lung,and the primary site of some cases is unknown.Multiple lesions are common in brain metastatic carcinoma,especially in the cerebral hemisphere.For older patients with multiple brain space occupying lesions,the possibility of brain metastatic carcinoma increases.