河南省6~17岁儿童青少年超重肥胖流行情况及影响因素分析

目的 了解河南省儿童青少年超重肥胖流行情况及其影响因素,为制定有效的干预措施提供参考。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2019年抽取河南省内7个市6~17岁学生作为研究对象,进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果 共计19 390名儿童青少年纳入研究,超重肥胖检出率为42.3%,其中超重4 415人(22.8%),肥胖3 790人(19.5%)。其中10 390名男生超重和肥胖检出率分别为23.0%和20.8%,9 000名女生超重和肥胖检出率分别为22.5%和18.1%,男生的超重和肥胖检出率均高于女生。小学生的超重和肥胖检出率均高于高中生和初中生。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,父亲超重(OR=1.842),母亲超重(OR=2.586),儿童青少年喜爱吃甜食、膨化食品(OR=3.161),进食速度过快(OR=3.268),经常在外就餐(OR=1.882),每天看电视、玩手机时间超过2 h(OR=2.376),每天睡眠时间不足(OR=2.640)是超重肥胖的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 河南省儿童青少年超重肥胖率较高,应积极采取综合性干预措施,避免超重肥胖的发生和发展。

Epidemiologic status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years in Henan province

Objective To understand the epidemiologic status of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years in Henan Province, and to explore the influencing factors, in order to provide reference for developing effective intervention measures. Methods Questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted among 6- to 17-year-old students with a stratified cluster sampling method in seven cities of Henan Province in 2019. Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance and Logistic regression model were used to data analysis. Results A total of 19 390 children and adolescents were included in this study. The detection rate of overweight and obesity was 42.3%, of which 4 415 (22.8%) weredetected with overweight and 3 790 (19.5%) were detected with obesity. The detection rates of overweight and obesity in the 10 390 boys were 23.0% and 20.8%, respectively. The detection rates of overweight and obesity in the 9 000 girls were 22.5% and 18.1%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of boys. The detection rates of overweight and obesity in elementary school students were higher than those of high school students and junior high school students. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors of overweight and obesity included paternal overweight (OR=1.842), maternal overweight (OR=2.586), preferring to eat sweets and puffed food (OR=3.161), eating too fast (OR=3.268), eating out frequently (OR=1.882), watching TV and playing mobile phone for more than 2 hours everyday (OR=2.376) and insufficient sleep time everyday (OR=2.640). Conclusion The detection rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents are relatively high in Henan Province, so targeted intervention measures should be implemented to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity effectively.