中文字体大小、笔画数和对比度对阅读速度的影响

目的研究字体大小、笔画数、对比度对中文阅读速度的影响。方法选取30名志愿者，采用快速系列视觉呈现方式（rapid serial visual presentation．RSVP）．在50cm阅读距离处分别测量两种对比度（100％和10％）下五种字体大小（5、8、13、20．5和33point，简称为pt）与三种笔画数（少、中、多）随机组合文本的阅读速度。结果采用最小二乘曲线拟合法得到少、中、多笔画数组的临界字体大小：100％对比度下，分别为（8．43＋0．25）pt，（9．29±0．51）pt，（10．89±2．75）pt；10％对比度下．分剐为（16．54±8．11）pt，（17．36±5．88）pt，（17．15±3．31）lot。低于临界字体大小的阅读速度随着字体增大呈明显上升趋势。其上升段不同字体大小组间的阅读速度差异有显著性（P〈0．01）；超过临界字体大小的阅读速度基本接近，其平台期不同字体大小组间的阅读速度无明显差异（P〉0．05）。三种笔画数组的最大阅读速度比较．少〉中〉多笔画数组。多笔画数和低对比度明显影响小字体的阅读速度（P〈0．01），对大字体无明显影响（P〉0．05）。结论汉字识别存在一定的笔画数效应．可通过增大字体来消除笔画数增多和对比度下降时阅诖抹磨的影响．

The effects of font,stroke and contrast on the reading speed of Chinese characters

Objective To investigate the effects of font size, stroke and contrast on the reading speed of Chinese characters. Methods Thirty university students were recruited for this study. Chinese reading texts containing subject matter that could easily be comprehended by the students were randomly selected for presentation. Chinese characters of five font sizes （0.4 to 1.2 logMAR） and three stroke categories （sparse strokes, medium strokes and dense strokes, based on the number of strokes in the characters） were grouped accordingly for reading material. All subjects were measured for the reading speed of Chinese text that was presented under two contrast conditions （100% and 10%） with RSVP （rapid serial visual presentation）. The reading distance was 50 cm. Sequence and condition were determined randomly. Results Under each condition, reading speed for individual subjects was plotted against log font size. The critical font sizes （CFS） for the sparse-stroke, mediumstroke and dense-stroke groups under 100% contrast were （8.43±0.25）pt, （9.29±0.51）pt and （10.89±2.75）pt, respectively, and the CFS for the sparse-stroke, medium-stroke and dense-stroke groups under 10% contrast was （16.54±8.11）pt, （17.36±5.88）pt and （17.15±3.31）pt, respectively. When font size was below the critical level, there was a rapid and significant increase in reading speed with an increase in font size （P〈0.01）. However, when font size was above the critical level, reading speed reached a plateau, and there was no significant difference between the reading speeds of the different font sizes （P〉0.05）. Reading speeds of the three stroke groups were also compared. Reading speed was fastest for the sparse-strokes group and slowest for the dense-strokes group. Low contrast and dense strokes slowed the reading speed of small fonts, but did not slow reading speed for large fonts. Conclusion Strokes and contrast affect critical font size. Low contrast and dense strokes can influence the reading spe