住院结核病患者佩戴口罩现状调查

目的:对住院结核病患者佩戴口罩的比例、口罩种类和来源进行调查,以探讨有效的管理方法。方法:自行设计问卷,对14个省、市20家医院的结核病房护士长或医院护理部主任进行调查。结果:调查范围共涵盖32个病区,其中15个(46.9%)病区患者不佩戴口罩,16个(50.0%)病区部分患者佩戴口罩,1个(3.1%)病区所有患者均佩戴口罩;84.4%的病区患者佩戴普通一次性口罩和纱布口罩,15.6%的病区患者佩戴外科口罩;53.1%的病区口罩由患者自己随意购买;46.9%的病区免费或收费为患者提供;综合医院结核病区为患者提供口罩的比例和患者佩戴率均高于结核病专科医院,差异有统计学意义;为患者提供口罩的病区和患者自己购买口罩病区患者佩戴率没有统计学差异。结论:目前国内医院对肺结核患者佩戴口罩的管理欠规范,佩戴比例较低,口罩种类不尽合理。提示结核病医院应加强对患者佩戴口罩行为的干预管理,降低医院感染风险。

Mask-wearing statusofhospitalized tuberculosis patients

Objective： To investigate the mask-wearing status of hospitalized tuberculosis patients, including percentage of wearing masks, masks type and where the masks came from. Methods： A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 32 head-nurses in tuberculosis wards and Nursing Department from 20 tuberculosis hospitals in 14 provinces and cities. Results： Among all the 32 wards, patients in 15 wards （46.9%） didn＇t wear masks, some of the patients in 16 wards （50.0%） wore masks. While all patients in one ward （3.1%） did so. Among the 32 wards, 46.9% of them provided free or paid masks for their tuberculosis patients. Patients in 53.1% wards bought masks from anywhere they wanted. The patients in 84.4% wards wore disposable masks or gauze masks and only patients in 15.6% wore surgical masks. The percentage of wearing masks patients in general hospital was higher than that in tuberculosis special hospitals. There was a statistic difference between them. But there was no difference in mask wearing percentage between the wards providing masks and which not providing. Conclusion： The proportion of wearing suitable masks in hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis patents was low. Hospital staff should strengthen intervention on patients＇ mask-wearing behavior and reduce the risk of hospital infection.