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The effects of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum on different stages of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae)
Authors:Sthenia Santos Albano Amó  ra,Claudia Maria Leal Bevilaqua,Francisco Marlon Carneiro Feijó  ,Nilza Dutra Alves,Michel Toth Kamimura,Elza Á  urea Luna-Alves Lima
Affiliation:a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60740-000, Brazil
b Laboratório de Microbiologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte 59625-900, Brazil
c Núcleo de Genômica e Bioinformática Tarsísio Pimenta, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará 60740-000, Brazil
d Departamento de Micologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco 50741-040, Brazil
Abstract:The control of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) vector is often based on the application of chemical residual insecticide. However, this strategy has not been effective. The continuing search for an appropriate vector control may include the use of biological control. This study evaluates the effects of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum on Lutzomyia longipalpis. Five concentrations of the fungus were utilized, 1 × 104 to 1 × 108 conidia/ml, accompanied by controls. The unhatched eggs, larvae and dead adults previously exposed to fungi were sown to reisolate the fungi and analysis of parameters of growth. The fungus was subsequently identified by PCR and DNA sequencing. M. anisopliae var. acridum reduced egg hatching by 40%. The mortality of infected larvae was significant. The longevity of infected adults was lower than that of negative controls. The effects of fungal infection on the hatching of eggs laid by infected females were also significant. With respect to fungal growth parameters post-infection, only vegetative growth was not significantly higher than that of the fungi before infection. The revalidation of the identification of the reisolated fungus was confirmed post-passage only from adult insects. In terms of larvae mortality and the fecundity of infected females, the results were significant, proving that the main vector species of VL is susceptible to infection by this entomopathogenic fungus in the adult stage.
Keywords:Biological control   Vector   Lutzomyia longipalpis   Entomopathogenic fungus   Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum   Visceral Leishmaniasis
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