Topical Administration of Tranexamic Acid in Primary Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty |
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Authors: | Joseph G. Martin Kevin B. Cassatt Katie A. Kincaid-Cinnamon Denise S. Westendorf Ann S. Garton Jon H. Lemke |
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Affiliation: | 1. ORA Orthopedics PC, Bettendorf, Iowa;2. Genesis Medical Center at West Central Park, Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Davenport, Iowa;3. Genesis Health System, Davenport, Iowa |
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Abstract: | Major blood loss is a known potential complication in total hip and total knee arthroplasty. We conducted a prospective, stratified, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that evaluated 100 patients undergoing total knee or total hip arthroplasty to evaluate the effect on blood loss using the topical application of tranexamic acid. Participants received either 2 g of topical tranexamic acid or the equivalent volume of placebo into the joint prior to surgical closure. Tranexamic acid resulted in a lower mean maximum decline in postoperative hemoglobin levels when compared to placebo (P = 0.013). Patients in the tranexamic acid group demonstrated an improved but non-significant reduction in the units of blood transfused compared to placebo (P = 0.423). There was no clinically significant increase in complications in the tranexamic acid group, including no incidence of venous thromboembolism. |
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Keywords: | total hip arthroplasty total knee arthroplasty tranexamic acid blood loss hemoglobin blood transfusion |
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