经皮血栓吸除术治疗老年人急性心肌梗死无复流的临床观察

目的 采用实时心肌声学造影(RT-MCE),评价经皮血栓吸除术治疗老年人急性心肌梗死(AMI)无复流的疗效.方法 46例老年AMI患者,随机分为经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI组)23例和PCI联合血栓吸除术组(联合组)23例.于PCI术后24 h和1周行RT-MCE.记录各组灌注对比积分指数(CSI)、透壁性对比缺损长度百分数CDL/LV length(%)]、室壁运动积分指数(WMSI)和严重室壁运动异常长度百分数WML/LV length(%)].结果 24 h和1周,联合组CSI、CDL/LV length、WMSI和WMI/LV length均较PCI组降低分别为(2.0±0.3)与(2.5±0.7)、(1.5±0.4)与(2.0±0.5)、(15.5±5.4)%与(22.8±4.9)%、(9.6±2.5)%与(21.5±4.6)%,(2.1±0.5)与(2.4±0.7)、(1.5±0.5)与(2.1±0.5)、(24.5±5.3)%与(35.6±8.3)%、(15.9±5.0)%与(27.6±6.4)%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 经皮血栓吸除术可明显减少患者术后无复流的发生,改善微循环和心脏功能,使PCI治疗老年人AMI更有效.

The efficacy of the thrombectomy for the no-reflow of acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients

Objective To study the efficacy of the percutaneous thrombectomy for the no-reflow of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in elderly patients with angiographically proven thrombus.Methods A total of 46 patients(≥60 years old)with AMI and coronary thrombus shown by angiography were randomly divided into group of PCI therapy(23 cases)and group of PCI plus percutaneous thrombectomy(23 cases).At 24 hours and 1 week after PCI,real-time imaging was performed by contrast pulse sequencing technology.Contrast score index(CSI),endocardial length of contrast defect(CDL),regional wall motion score index(WMSI)and wall motion abnormality(WML)were calculated. Results At each time point,in patients treated with a pereutaneous thrombectomy,CSI,CDL/LV length(%),WMSI and WML/LV length(%)were significantly lower than in PCI group(2.0±0.3)vs.(2.5±0.7),(1.5±0.4)vs.(2.0±0.5),(15.5±5.4)%vs.(22.8±4.9)%,(9.6±2.5)%vs.(21.5±4.6)%,(2.1±0.5)vs.(2.4±0.7),(1.5±0.5)us.(2.1±0.5),(24.5±5.3)%vs.(35.6±8.3)%,(15.9±5.0)vs.(27.6±6.4)%,P<0.05 or P<0.01]. Conclusions The beneficial effect of the thrombectomy occurs at the microvascular level.Thrombectomy reduces the no-flow and the extent of microvascular obstruction,thus it was a feasible therapy in elderly patiens with AMI.