Challenges in detecting disease modification in Parkinson's disease clinical trials |
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Institution: | 2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar;3. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore;4. Division of Neurology, National University Health System, Singapore, National University of Singapore |
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Abstract: | Despite the wealth of encouraging data from numerous compounds that demonstrate “neuroprotection” in pre-clinical studies of Parkinson's disease, and despite numerous clinical trials, to date, no intervention has been demonstrated to able to modify the course of disease progression. While this “failure to translate” is likely due to numerous factors including our incomplete understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying PD together with excessive reliance on data from the toxin-based animal models of PD, here we will discuss the “structural issues” pertaining to inadequate clinical trial design, selection of inappropriate endpoints and poor patient selection which are often not addressed following failed disease modification trials. Future directions to overcome these challenges such as reducing the heterogeneity of patient cohorts, identifying and utilising a pre-diagnostic population, embracing a personalised medicine approach and utilising novel trial designs may be required to ultimately fulfil the goal of conclusively demonstrating evidence of disease modification. |
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