Achievement of the Targets of the 20-Year Infancy-Onset Dietary Intervention—Association with Metabolic Profile from Childhood to Adulthood |
| |
Authors: | Miia Lehtovirta,Laurie A. Matthews,Tomi T. Laitinen,Joel Nuotio,Harri Niinikoski,Suvi P. Rovio,Hanna Lagstr m,Jorma S. A. Viikari,Tapani R nnemaa,Antti Jula,Mika Ala-Korpela,Olli T. Raitakari,Katja Pahkala |
| |
Abstract: | The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP) is a prospective infancy-onset randomized dietary intervention trial targeting dietary fat quality and cholesterol intake, and favoring consumption of vegetables, fruit, and whole-grains. Diet (food records) and circulating metabolites were studied at six time points between the ages of 9–19 years (n = 549–338). Dietary targets for this study were defined as (1) the ratio of saturated fat (SAFA) to monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA + PUFA) < 1:2, (2) intake of SAFA < 10% of total energy intake, (3) fiber intake ≥ 80th age-specific percentile, and (4) sucrose intake ≤ 20th age-specific percentile. Metabolic biomarkers were quantified by high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics. Better adherence to the dietary targets, regardless of study group allocation, was assoiated with higher serum proportion of PUFAs, lower serum proportion of SAFAs, and a higher degree of unsaturation of fatty acids. Achieving ≥ 1 dietary target resulted in higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size, lower circulating LDL subclass lipid concentrations, and lower circulating lipid concentrations in medium and small high-density lipoprotein subclasses compared to meeting 0 targets. Attaining more dietary targets (≥2) was associated with a tendency to lower lipid concentrations of intermediate-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein subclasses. Thus, adherence to dietary targets is favorably associated with multiple circulating fatty acids and lipoprotein subclass lipid concentrations, indicative of better cardio-metabolic health. |
| |
Keywords: | diet quality of diet metabolomics metabolic profiling primordial prevention |
|
|