儿童睡眠呼吸障碍及其相关因素调查

目的]研究儿童睡眠呼吸障碍(阻塞性睡眠呼吸低或暂停综合征)的发病特征同时探讨其相关因素的作用。方法]选择某院2009年5月～2011年5月儿科收治的112例患有睡眠呼吸障碍的儿童作为观察组,同时选择210例体检正常儿童做为对照组,所有观察对象均进行相应OSA阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停疾病特异性问卷调查、血常规、动脉血气分析,并拍摄鼻咽部X线片同时采用监测仪对其进行整夜多导睡眠监测(Polysom nography,PSG),并分析患儿呼吸暂停同期指数血氧饱和、睡眠效率与疾病的相关性。结果]观察组儿童的OSA评分、呼吸暂停通气指数、血氧饱和度、睡眠效率明显低于对照组儿童,而体重指数与扁桃体肿大程度显著高于对照组儿童,50%的患儿生活质量受到严重影响,另外扁桃体增大(OR=2.51,P﹤0.01)与腺样体大(OR=4.41,P﹤0.01)以及肥胖(OR=20.54,P﹤0.01)均是儿童睡眠呼吸障碍的危险因素。OSA评分与呼吸暂停通气指数、儿童体重及扁桃体肿大程度呈明显正相关(r=0.351,0.311,0.592,P﹤0.01),与血氧饱和度呈负相关(r=-0.384,P﹤0.01)。结论]儿童睡眠呼吸障碍严重影响儿童的生活质量,且其发病因素与儿童扁桃体增大、腺体大,肥胖间具有一定的关系,可以通过从病因着手控制儿童睡眠呼吸障碍的发生。

SLEEP RELATED BREATHING DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND ITS RELATED FACTORS

Objective]To study the sleep-related breathing disorders in children(obstructive sleep apnea low or apnea syndrome)disease characteristics and explore its related factors.Methods]In the pediatric Department of our hospital from May 2009 to May 2011,112 cases with sleep breathing disorders in children were recruited as the observation group,while 210 cases medical normal children were selected as control group.All of the observed objects were investigated with the corresponding OSA obstructive sleep apnea disease specific questionnaire,including blood,arterial blood gas analysis,and shoot the nasopharynx X chip at the same time using the monitor on the overnight polysomnography(Polysomnography,PSG),and we analyzed the children with apnea period index of blood oxygen saturation,sleep efficiency correlation with disease.Results]The observation group of children by OSA score,apnea hypopnea index,oxygen saturation,sleep efficiency was significantly lower than the control group of children,and body mass index and tonsillar enlargement rate was significantly higher than the control group of children,50% of the patients quality of life was affected badly,also enlarged tonsil(OR = 2.51,P﹤0.01)and large adenoid body(OR = 4.41,P﹤0.01)and obesity(OR = 20.54,P﹤0.01)were the risk factors for sleep-related breathing disorders in children.In addition,OSA score and apnea hypopnea index,the weight of children and tonsillar enlargement degree showed a positive correlation(r = 0.351,0.311,0.592,P﹤0.01),and oxygen saturation were negatively correlated(r =-0.384,P﹤0.01).Conclusion]Children sleep apnea serious had impact on children’s quality of life,and its pathogenetic factors in children with enlarged tonsil,large glands,obesity had certain relations,we can pass from the etiology to control the occurrence of sleep-related breathing disorders in children.