石家庄市2004～2009年风疹流行病学特征分析

[目的]分析石家庄市2004～2009年风疹的流行病学特征,为预防控制风疹流行提供参考依据。[方法]以2004～2009年来源于全国传染病疫情信息报告系统的风疹疫情为资料,分析风疹的人群、地区、时间分布特征。[结果](1)2004～2009年石家庄市风疹平均发病率为4.30/10万,发病主要集中在10岁～及以下组,其中以10岁～组发病率最高,为16.24/10万,其次是0岁～组和5岁～组,分别为13.71/10万、13.81/10万(χ2合计=1192.02,P=0.00);男性多于女性,男︰女=1.33︰1(χ2合计=47.98,P=0.00);职业分布特征以学生最多,平均占60.01%,其次散居儿童,平均占25.15%(χ2合计=2839.97,P=0.00)。(2)石家庄市2004～2009年县区风疹发病明显高于市区(χ2合计=1067.67,P=0.00)。(3)2004～2009年石家庄市风疹全年均有发病,存在明显的季节性,2、3月份开始发病人数逐渐增多,4、5月份达高峰,6月份以后开始下降,7～11月发病最低;2004～2008年风疹发病呈现明显的上升趋势,2009年发病有所下降。[结论]石家庄市农村10岁～及以下儿童是风疹发病的高危人群,应在每年的4～5月份季节性发病高峰前开展针对性的风疹疫苗接种工作。

ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RUBELLA IN SHIJIAZHUANG FROM 2004 TO 2009

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Shijiazhuang city from 2004 to 2009,so as to provide scientific basis for rubella control and prevention.[Methods]The incidence data of rubella were derived from China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention.The data on the distribution of time,region and population of rubella were analyzed.[Results]① The average incidence rate of rubella was 4.30 per hundred thousand.The cases were mainly concentrated in 10-years old and below 10-years old from 2004 to 2009,and that incidence rate was 16.24 per hundred thousand in 10-years old,13.71 per hundred thousand in 0-years old,and 13.81 per hundred thousand in 5-years old(χ2 = 1 192.02,P = 0.00).The cases in male was more than that in female in recent years,the odds was 1.33︰1(χ2 = 47.98,P = 0.00).The most cases were concentrated in school(χ2 = 2 839.97,P = 0.00).② The incidence rate of rubella in county was higher than that in urban from 2004 to 2009(χ2 = 1 067.67,P = 0.00).③ The rubella incidence had obvious seasonality in Shijiazhuang city from 2004-2009.Rubella might occur in each month all the year,which gradually increased from February and March,arrived the peak time in April and May,but gradually decreased since June.The disease number was in lower level from July to November.The rubella incidence had a significant increase trend from 2004 to 2008,but decreased in 2009.[Conclusion]The Children younger than 10 years old in rural had the highest incidence of rubella,and should be vaccinated against rubella ahead of the seasonal peak incidence in April to May.