温州市农村空巢老人日常生活能力及社区卫生服务意愿的调查

目的]探讨温州市农村空巢老人日常生活能力状况、社区卫生服务意愿及影响因素。方法]采取分层随机整群抽样的方法获取样本。用ADL量表、社区卫生服务意愿调查表对1 107名空巢老人进行调查。结果]空巢老人的ADL完好率为69.3%;不同性别的老人ADL各项目下降的比例不同;年龄、文化程度、经济收入、慢性病是影响ADL的主要因素。78.5%的空巢老人有接受社区卫生服务意愿,对定期体检的需求最高;其以往职业、经济收入、行走能力对其社区卫生服务意愿有重要的影响。结论加大对高龄老人的护理照顾投入、搞好慢性病的防治、加强健康教育、保证老人的基本经济收入仍是今后农村社区卫生工作不可忽视的问题。应针对农村空巢老人的不同特点,开展老人需要且愿意接受的社区卫生服务。

INVESTIGATION ON DAILY ABILITY AND WILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICE OF EMPTY NEST ELDERLY IN RURAL AREAS IN WENZHOU

Objective]To explore level of daily ability of empty nest elderly in rural areas in Wenzhou,their willingness to accept community health service and their influential factors.Methods]1 107 empty nest elderly in rural areas were selected through stratified random cluster sampling.ADL scale and willingness to accept community health service questionnaire were used for the investigation.Results]ADL intact ratio of empty nest elderly was 69.3%;decrease in all instrumental activities of daily living of empty nest elderly differed with gender;age,education level,income and chronic diseases were mainly influential factors of ADL.78.5% of empty nest elderly were willing to accept community health service,and they ranked regular physical examination as the most needed service;previous occupation,income and ability of walking had important influences on willingness to accept community health service of empty nest elderly.Conclusion]Increasing investment in nursing care for empty nest elderly,doing well in prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,enforcement of health education and guaranteeing basic economic income of empty nest elderly,are issues that can’t be ignored in rural community health service from now on.Based on characteristics of rural empty nest elderly,community health service should be carried out on their need and their willingness to accept it.