腹腔镜直肠癌根治预防性肠造口的临床特点与护理对策

目的：探讨腹腔镜直肠癌根治行预防性肠造口术的临床特点及其并发症的护理对策。方法将151例腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者分为 A 组和 B 组进行对比研究，A 组75例行预防性横结肠造口，B 组76例行预防性末端回肠造口，观察两组的临床特点及其并发症，并采取相应的护理对策。结果两组在并发症的发生率比较差异上有统计学意义，A 组的造口脱垂、造口周围感染发生率高于B 组，而造口狭窄、造口粪水性皮炎、造口回缩的发生率低于 B 组。经过积极治疗和护理后，两组患者均痊愈出院。结论根据横结肠造口和末端回肠造口的特点，分别采取针对性护理措施，可以帮助患者促进康复、改善预后。

The clinical features of preventive enterostomy with laparoscopic radical operation for colorectal cancer and its nursing countermeasures

Objective This research is to discuss clinical features of preventive enterostomy with laparoscopic radical operation for colorectal cancer and its nursing countermeasures. Methods 151 cases of colorectal cancer patients with laparoscopic radical operation were divided into two groups and studied comparatively. 75 cases of patients from group A received preventive transverse colostomy while 76 cases of patients received preventive terminal ileum colostomy. Clinical features and complications of patients from two groups were observed and corresponding nursing countermeasures were taken. Results The difference of the incidence rate of complications between the two groups is statistically significant. The incidence rate of colostomy prolapse and infection around the colostomy of patients from group A is higher than those from group B while the incidence rate of colostomy stenosis, colostomy dung water-based dermatitis and colostomy retraction of patients from group A is lower than those from group B. After active treatment and nursing, two groups of patients were recovered. Conclusions Specific and targeted nursing measures based on different characteristics of transverse colostomy and terminal ileum colostomy will promote recovery and improve prognosis.