微柱凝胶法筛查不规则抗体的应用及影响因素分析

目的探讨微柱凝胶免疫技术筛查输血患者不规则抗体的临床应用价值并分析实验的影响因素。方法用微柱凝胶法检测2007年12月至2008年12月期间输血患者不规则抗体，用盐水、酶、抗人球法进行抗体特异性鉴定。结果在6036例输血患者中共检测出抗体阳性13例（0．22％），其中自身抗体4例，确定同种特异性抗体9例，分别为抗-D3例，抗-E2例，抗-A11例，抗-Mur 1例，抗-M2例，非特异性的假阳性反应22例。结论微柱凝胶技术检测不规则抗体，其操作标准化、灵敏度高、重复性好，结果稳定、可靠、准确，值得在临床推广应用。但要注意在实验中会因血清（浆）中含有纤维蛋白、冷抗体等而引起假阳性，当采取离心和置于4℃处理后可消除，能保证检测结果的准确性。

Application and analysis of influential factors of micro-column gel technique in irregular antibodies screening

Objective To explore the value of clinical application anti analyze the influential factors of experiment of the micro-column gel technique in irregular antibodies screening for patients with blood transfusion. Methods Micro column gel test were used for screening in patients with blood transfusion during the period from December, 2007 to December, 2008 and using saline, enzyme and anti-human globulin test for identification antibody specificity. Results There are 13 positive samples in 6036 patients with blood transfusion,and positive rate is 0. 22%,among them, 4 samples were autoantibodies, 9 samples were alloantibodies, including 3 anti-D, 2 anti-E, 1 anti-A1,1 anti- Mur and 2 anti-M and nonspecific false positive reactions 22. Conclusion The detection of irregular antibodies by micro-column gel technique is standardization for operation and high sensibility, the test result accurate, reliable and with good repeatability, and worthwhile for clinical popularizing and application. But we need to pay attention to the false positive resulting from fibrin and cold antibody of blood serum in the experiment, we can dispel false agglutination with centrifugal method and put the serum sample in 4℃ ,to achieve accuracy of the results.