Fractal regulation and incident Alzheimer's disease in elderly individuals |
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| Authors: | Peng Li Lei Yu Andrew S.P. Lim Aron S. Buchman Frank A.J.L. Scheer Steven A. Shea Julie A. Schneider David A. Bennett Kun Hu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;2. Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;3. Rush Alzheimer''s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA;4. Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;5. Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionHealthy physiological systems exhibit fractal regulation (FR), generating similar fluctuation patterns in physiological outputs across different time scales. FR in motor activity is degraded in dementia, and the degradation correlates to cognitive decline. We tested whether degraded FR predicts Alzheimer's dementia.MethodsFR in motor activity was assessed in 1097 nondemented older adults at baseline. Cognition was assessed annually for up to 11 years.ResultsParticipants with an FR metric at the 10th percentile in this cohort had a 1.8-fold Alzheimer's disease risk (equivalent to the effect of being ～5.2 years older) and 1.3-fold risk for mild cognitive impairment (equivalent to the effect of being ～3.0 years older) than those at the 90th percentile. Consistently, degraded FR predicted faster cognitive decline. These associations were independent of physical activity, sleep fragmentation, and stability of daily activity rhythms.DiscussionFR may be a useful tool for predicting Alzheimer's dementia. |
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| Keywords: | Longitudinal cohort study Prediction of Alzheimer's disease Mild cognitive impairment Fractal physiology Fractal regulation |
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