颅脑损伤死亡病例临床分析及护理对策

目的 探讨颅脑创伤死亡病例的临床特点及护理对策。方法 对264例死亡病人的一般资料、临床表现、死亡时间及原因，伤后不同时期的护理重点进行分析。结果 颅脑损伤的主要死亡原因为严重的脑损伤、颅内血肿、严重并发症以及救治延误等。颅脑损伤按伤后死亡时间分为急性期、脑水肿期、并发症期、衰竭期等四期。结论 在护理对策上，急性期以严密观察病情变化、作好呼吸道护理和高热的处理为重点；脑水肿期以及时发现和处理脑水肿、迟发性颅内血肿为重点；并发症期主要是肺部感染和消化道出血的预防及护理；衰竭期应注意营养支持。

The clinical analysis and nursing strategy to the patients dying from severe brain injury

ObjectiveTo explore the causes of death from severe brain injury and nursing strategies.MethodsThe general data, clinical pres entations, death time and causes, nursing strategies of 264 cases at different stages were analyzed.ResultsThe deaths were mainly caused by severe brain injury and hematoma, rescue delay and severe complications. The disease courses were divided into acute stage, edema stage, complication stage and ending stage. The nursing strategies were regulated depending on the characteristics of each stage.ConclusionIn nursing strategies, the nursing needs to focus on clinical observation, respiratory tract management, body temperature control at the acute stage. Early diagnosis and treatment of brain edema and delayed hematoma are crucial at edema stage. The emphasis should be put on prevention and treatment of pulmonary infections and gastric bleeding at complication stage and nutrition support is the main nursing measure at ending stage.