颅外椎动脉侧支吻合的观察及其临床意义

目的：观察椎动脉颅外段的仙支吻合情况，并探讨其临床意义，方法：17具防腐尸体标本并结合5具头颈部血管铸型标本，观察椎动脉与颈 脉，锁骨下动脉分支之间的血管吻合，结果：椎动脉与颈动脉的分支颈升动脉，咽升动脉以及颈深动脉等有广泛的吻合，一般为细小的肌支吻合，椎动脉与枕动脉间的血管吻合比较恒定，有两种类型：直接吻合（10％）和肌支吻合（占90％）。结论：颅外椎动脉侧支吻合是椎动脉代偿机制的重要解剖学基础之一，在椎基底动脉供血不足发病中有重要的意义。

Anatomical observation of collateral anastomoses of extracranial vertebral artery and its clinical significance

Objective:To observe the morphological pattern of collateral anastomoses of extracranial vertebral arteries and discuss its clinical significance.Methods: The anastomoses between the branches of vertebral arteries and the branches of carotid or subclavicular arteries were observed on seventeen antiseptic cadaveric specimens and five casting specimens of head neck vessels.Results:Wide ranging anastomoses were found between vertebral arteries and ascending pharyngeal arteries or ascending cervical arteries from external carotid arteries,or between vertebral arteries and deep cervical artery from subclavicular arteries,most of these anastomsoses were formed by muscular branches.The constant anastomoses,including direct anastomoses(10%) or indirect(muscular)anastomoses(90%),were found between vertebral arteries and occipital arteries.Conclusion:The collateral anastomosis of extracranial vertebral arteries is an important anatomical basis for compensatory mechanism of vertebral artery,which plays an important role in the etiology of vertebraobasilar insufficiency.