托烷司琼对老年病人术后恶心呕吐的预防作用

目的 旨在观察新型5-HT3受体拮抗剂托烷司琼对不同性别老年病人术后恶心呕吐的预防作用.方法 选择老年病人120例.按性别分男、女两组,每组60例,每组再分两个亚组,每亚组30例.Ⅰ组于手术结束前静注托烷司琼5mg;Ⅱ组于手术结束前静沣生理盐水1mL.麻醉诱导均采用咪达唑仑、舒芬太尼、罗库溴铵、丙泊酚,气管捅管后搂麻醉机行机械通气.麻醉维持采用持续泵注丙泊酚,间断静注罗库溴铵、舒芬太尼维持.术毕入PACU,专人负责观测病人,记录术后恶心、呕吐程度评分.结果 老年男性组术后恶心、呕吐发生率Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,老年女性组术后恶心、呕吐发生率Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.男性组Ⅱ组与女性组Ⅱ组恶心、呕吐发生率比较均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 托烷司琼可有效地预防老年女性病人PONV的发生.

Comparison of Tropisetron in Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting for Elderly Patients

Objective To Observe the prophylaxic antiemetic effect of tropisetron,the new 5-hydroxytryptamine 3（5-HT3）antagonists in PONV patients of dissimilarity gender.Methods 120 elderly patients under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly assigned to one of the two study groups：male and female two sets.Group Ⅰ received tropisetron 5rag Ⅳ, group Ⅱ received NS 1 m L.Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,sulfentanyl,rocuronium,propofol,and maintained with propofol and rocuronium. Postoperation to PACU,a special anesthesiologist observate the patients,record the degree of nausea and vomiting. Results The incidence of nausea,vomiting did not differ significantly among Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ o f male（P 〉 0.05 ）,but the incidence of nausea,vomiting did differ significantly among Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ f female（P 〈 0.05 ）.The incidence of nausea,vomiting did differ significantly among Group Ⅱ between elderly male and female（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Tropisetron is effective for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in elderly female patients.