新生儿重症监护室院内感染分析

目的分析新生儿重症监护室（NICU）院内感染的发生情况及其危险因素,为今后院内感染的预防与控制提供依据。方法对2007年1月至2010年1月在本院新生儿重症监护室发生院内感染的53例新生儿病例进行回顾性总结分析。结果本研究期间入院的569例病例中发生院内感染者53例,感染率为9.31%,感染部位以呼吸道为主,新生儿发生院内感染的危险因素包括胎龄、出生体重（P〈0.05）。38例院内感染患儿病原菌培养阳性,其中革兰阴性杆菌26株（68.42%）,革兰阳性球菌12株（31.58%）,革兰阴性杆菌以肺炎克雷伯菌为主。结论早产儿的院内感染率明显高于足月儿,严格控制预防性广谱抗菌药物的使用,严格的消毒隔离制度和无菌操作技术是预防新生儿重症监护室院内感染的关键。

Analysis on nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care units

Objective To analyze the risk factors,characteristics and preventive methods of nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care units.Methods Data of 53 cases with nosocomial infection from January 2007 to January 2010 were analyzed,retrospectively.Results Total of 53 cases in All 569 infants admitted in our hospital were complicated with nosocomial infection,with the hospital infection rate of 9.31%.The main infected location was respiratory tract.Neonatal nosocomial infection risk factors including fetal age,birth body quality（P〈0.05）.Total of 38 cases were pathogen positive,with 26 strains of gram-negative bacterium（68.42%）and 12 strains of gram-positive cocci（31.58%）.Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common gram-negative bacterium.Conslusions The nosocomial infection rate of the premature infants was significantly higher than that of full-term infants.The keys of preventing infection in neonatal intensive care unit include special attention to nosocomial infection control for premature infants and strict control of preventive usage of broadspectrum antibiotics.