急诊重症监护病房下呼吸道感染患者病原菌分布与耐药性的研究

目的探讨急诊重症监护病房下呼吸道感染患者的病原菌分布特征及其耐药性状况。方法对2005年8月至2006年2月间在我院急诊重症监护病房（EICU）收治的25例F呼吸道感染患者的临床资料进行分析。结果病原菌感染以革兰阴性菌为丰，占43．2％，其次为革兰阳性菌，占32．1％，真菌感染比例相对增多，占24．7％。革兰阴性菌以铜绿似单胞菌、奈瑟氏菌、鲍曼不动杆菌为主；革兰阳性菌以草绿色链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主；真菌以白色念珠菌、卵圆形芽生真菌孢子、热带念珠菌、光滑念珠菌为主。结论急诊重症监护病房（EICU）下呼吸道感染的病原学特征为革兰阴性菌感染较多，对指导临床经验性用药有指导意义。

Study on the Pathogen Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance in the Clinical Application of Anti-bacterial Drugs in EICU Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Aim To investigate the distribution of pathogens, their antibiotic resistance and the clinical application of anti-bacterial drugs in EICU (Emergency Intensive Care Unite) patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Methods The data of the pathogens isolated in sputum from the patients with lower respiratory tract infections admitted to EICU between August 2005 and February 2006 were collected and analyzed. Results The Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens of infection (43.2%), followed by Gram-positive bacteria (32.1%), and fungi (24.7%). Conclusion The Gram-negative bacteria were the dominating bacteria in the lower respiratory tract infections of EICU.