Trace Organic Contaminants in Sediment and Water from Ulsan Bay and Its Vicinity, Korea |
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Authors: | J S Khim K T Lee K Kannan D L Villeneuve J P Giesy C H Koh |
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Institution: | (1) School of Earth and Environmental Sciences (Oceanography Program), College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, KR;(2) National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Department of Zoology, and Institute for Environmental Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1311, USA, US |
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Abstract: | Sediment and water samples collected from 32 locations in Ulsan Bay and adjacent inland areas were analyzed for polycyclic
aromatic hydrocabons (PAHs), nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP), bisphenol A (BPA), organochlorine (OC) pesticides (HCB, HCHs,
CHLs, and DDTs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to characterize their spatial distribution and contamination status.
PAHs were detected in nearly all sediment and water extracts from Ulsan Bay and its inland locations. The sedimentary PAH
concentrations ranged from 17 to 3,100 ng/g on a dry weight basis (DW), which were predominated by two- and three-ring aromatic
hydrocarbons in river and/or stream, and four- to six-ring compounds in Ulsan Bay sediment. Concentrations of PAHs in pore
water samples were generally two or three orders magnitude less than those of corresponding sediment samples. Maximum concentrations
of NP, OP, and BPA in sediments were 1,040, 120, and 54 ng/g DW, respectively. Concentrations of OP and BPA were, on average,
5- to 13-fold less than those of NP. PCB concentrations in sediment ranged from 1.4 to 77 ng/g DW, which were predominated
by lower chlorinated congeners such as di- through pentachlorinated biphenyls. Among different OC pesticides analyzed, concentrations
of DDTs were the greatest, ranging from 0.02 to 41.9 ng/g DW. NP concentrations were greater at inner locations proximal to
municipal wastewater discharges into rivers and/or streams, whereas the concentrations of PCBs and PAHs were great near the
sites of high industrial activities. Sediment-pore water partitioning coefficients correlated with those of reported K
oc
or K
ow
values for selected PAHs in Ulsan Bay, but these varied by an order of magnitude for stream and/or river sediments.
Received: 11 June 2000/Accepted: 28 August 2000 |
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