囊性颈动脉瘤动物模型建立与研究

目的：建立囊性颈动脉瘤的动物模型并研究动脉瘤的形成原因。方法：选择新西兰白兔随机分成3组，采用胰弹性蛋白酶血管壁外法建立囊性动脉瘤，并通过血流动力学改变来分析与动脉瘤形成的关系。结果：血管造影证实结扎对侧颈总动脉后，同侧颈总动脉上的成瘤率为100％，颈外动脉起点及颈外动脉分支起点处成瘤率为50％；不结扎对侧颈总动脉，同侧颈总动脉及颈外动脉起点上的成瘤率也为50％；其余成瘤率均为零。组织学检查显示实验侧动脉管壁破坏率为100％。结论：胰弹性蛋白酶血管壁外法是建立囊性颈动脉瘤的有效方法之一，动脉管壁的结构改变和血流动力学变化是形成囊性动脉瘤的两个主要因素。

A Study on Development of Carotid Saccular Aneurysm of an Animal Model

Objective To develop a new carotid saccular aneurysm animal model in vivo and to study the factors about aneurysm growing.Methods New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Pancreatic elastase was diffused into arterial wall from adventitia surface to develop a saccular aneurysm. In Group A, the opposite side of carotid artery was ligatured; in Group B, no carotid artery was ligatured; and in Group C, the carotid artery on one side was ligatured to 70-80% extent at its proximal end.. The relation between hemodynamic stress and aneurysm growing was analyzed.Results It was proved by angiography that in Group A the rate of aneurysm formation was 100% on this side and 50%, on the ligatured side. The aneurysms were found at the site where external carotid artery began and also on the site where external carotid artery bifurcated/ In Group B, the rate of aneurysm formation was 50% at the above mentioned sites and in Group C, the rate was zero. All arteries of the experimental animals were found to be destroyed under histological examination.Conclusion Arterial saccular aneurysm model can be induced in rabbits by application of pancreatic elastase on the adventitial surface with efficiency and easiness The structural weakness in artery wall and hemodynamic stress changing are two very important factors in aneurysm growing.