肌电测量技术的应用

目的：近些年来，肌电测量技术的发展非常迅速，带来了肌电研究的不断深入和肌电应用领域的不断扩大，对肌电测量技术的发展及应用现状进行分析，有利于明确肌电测量技术进一步的发展方向．资料来源：利用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）2000—01／2006—03的相关文章，检索词“肌电”，限定文章语言种类为中文；同时，手工查阅相关的专著书籍。资料选择：对资料进行初审，选取符合研究要求的有关文章找全文。纳入标准：①肌电信号的处理技术与方法。②肌电测量技术在各个领域中的应用。排除标准：重复研究。资料提炼：共收集到1331篇有关肌电、心电等方面的文章，其中期刊全文1261篇，学位论文69篇，会议论文1篇，选择具有代表性的12篇进行归纳。资料综合：①肌电测量的应用：肌电的电极分为针电极和表面电极，肌电测量分为在线测量和遥测，适合于不同的测试对象和条件。肌电指标分为时域指标和频域指标，可以帮助判定肌肉所处的不同状态、肌肉之间的协调程度、肌肉的收缩类型及强度、肌肉的疲劳程度及损伤、肌肉的素质等．②展望：目前，分形理论、小波分析、人工神经网络等现代数学方法均已被引入肌电信号的分析研究中，以寻找更为有效的指标来反映肌肉的生物力学特性。结论：肌电测量精度的提高，新肌电分析方法的开发、肌电应用领域的拓宽等仍然是肌电研究领域最具吸引力和极富挑战性的研究课题。

Application of measure technique of electromyogram

OBJECTIVE： Measure technique of the etectromyogram develops quickly in recent years, bringing the development of electromyogram study deeply and extending the application area of electromyogram. To analyze the measure technique and present application of electromyogram, which is helpful for expliciting it＇s development direction.
DATA SOURCES： We searched the related articles in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） published from January 2000 to March 2006 by computer with the keywords of ＂electromyogram＂ in Chinese. Simuhaneity, we also searched the related articles by hand.
STUDY SELECTION： The data were selected firstly： the articles that were accorded with criterion and the full texts of the articles were retrieved. Inclusive criteria： （1）The technique and methord of how to deal with the electromyogram information, （2）The application in different realm of the measure technique of electromyogram. Exclusive criterion： repeat research.
DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 1 331 articles about electromyogram and cardiogram were collected. Among them, there were 1 261 articles of journal disquisition, 69 dissertation, 1 discourse, and 12 typical articles were selected for induction.
DATA SYNTHESIS： （1）Application of electromyogram： The electrode of the electromyogram was divided into the needle electrode and surface electrodes： the measure method was divided into on-line diagraph and telemetering, which were suitable for different test object and condition. And the electromyogram index was divided into the hour index and frequency index, which could help us to judge the different appearance, moderate degree, contraction type, strength, fatigue, hunt degree and muscular diathesis and so on. （2）Prospect： At present, in order to find the effective index to reflect the muscle vitodynamie charaeteristics of sport biomechanics, the math methods of fractal theory, wavelet analysis, artificial neural network etc. has been used in the research of electromyogram i