我院第3代头孢菌素类药年用量变化与产ESBLs细菌分离率的相关性研究

目的:了解第3代头孢菌素类药的年用量变化与产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)细菌分离率的相关性。方法:对我院2001～2005年第3代头孢菌素类药的年用量及产ESBLs细菌(包括大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌)分离率进行分析,计算各药的用药频度(DDDs),采用秩相关法对产ESBLs细菌分离率与各药DDDs进行相关性分析。结果:5年中,第3代头孢菌素类药的年DDDs值与产ESBLs细菌分离率均呈增长趋势且显著正相关。结论:为延缓产ESBLs细菌分离率的快速增加,建议临床治疗中严格掌握抗菌药物应用指征,根据药敏试验结果选择用药,进一步控制和减少第3代头孢菌素类药的总用量。

Correlation Between Yearly Quantity Variation in Use of Third - generation Cephalosporins and ESBLs Producing Bacteria

OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation between the quantity of the third generation cephalosporins used yearly in a hospital and the incidence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs)producing bacteria.METHODS:The yearly quantity of the third generation cephalosporins prescribed for patients from 2001 to 2005 and the incidence of ESBLs producing bacteria were investigated retrospectively.Daily defined doses(DDDs)were calculated.The correlation between the DDDs and the incidence were analyzed using linear regression.RESULTS:During the 5-year period,the DDDs of the third generation cephalosporins and the ESBLs producing ratio all have trend of increment.The analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the DDDs of the third generation cephalosporins and the ESBLs producing ratio.CONCLUSIONS:In order to delay the incidence of ESBLs producing bacteria,more bacteria culture and drug sensitivity tests should be conducted before medication,and it is necessary to further control and reduce the usage of the third generation cephalosporins.