沈阳地区乙型肝炎病毒基因型分子流行病学研究

目的 研究沈阳地区乙型肝炎病毒基因型分布和特点。方法 应用半巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增乙型肝炎病毒P基因，将PCR产物应用ABI377自动测序仪直接做核苷酸序列分析，并用DNA STAR软件进行种系发生分析及基因型鉴定。结果 HBV DNA标准株P基因片段可进行基因分型。在沈阳地区慢性HBV感染者中可检出基因型B、C和D，检出率分别为22％、50％和28％，基因型C分布与基因型B、D的差异有统计学意义，在慢性乙型肝炎患者和慢性HBV携带者间各基因型间分布比较中差异无统计学意义。结论 通过测定HBV DNAP基因序列片段可进行HBV DNA基因分型。沈阳地区乙型肝炎病毒基因型有基因型B、C和D型，其中基因型C为优势基因型。

Molecular epidemiologic study of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Shenyang

Objective To study the distribution and characteristics of genotypes of hepatitis B virus in Shenyang.Methods Using two pairs of HBV DNA polymerase(P)gene primers,the fragment of HBV DNA P gene was amplified by hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR),then the products of PCR were sequenced by ABI377.Eight HBV DNA standard-types were collected from GenBank.Then through phylogenetic analysis with DNA STAR software,the fragment of HBV DNA P gene can genotype hepatitis B virus.The sequences of PCR products were genotyped by phylogenetic analysis with DNA STAR software finally.Results According to the fragment of HBV DNA standard-type P gene,hepatitis B virus can be genotyped,which conforms to international criterion.According to the fragment of HBV DNA standard-type P gene,only genotype B,C and D were detected in sera from patients with chronic HBV infection in Shenyang,the detective rate was 22%,50% and 28%,respectively.The difference of distribution between genotype C and genotype B with genotype D was very significant.So was the distribution of three genotypes in patients with chronic hepatitis B.In HBV asymptomatic carriers,the difference of distribution among genotype B,C and D was not significant.But the detective rate of genotype D in HBV asymptomatic carriers was higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis B.Conclusion Genotyping can be done via sequencing the fragment of HBV DNA P gene.Only genotype B,C and D can be found in patients with chronic HBV infection in Shenyang,and genotype C is the dominant one.