重庆市1998～2002年STD流行特点分析

目的 了解重庆市性传播疾病(STD)的流行特点，为制定相应的预防控制策略和合理分配有限的卫生资源提供科学依据。方法 用STD疫情管理软件和Excel软件对1998～2002年重庆市43个区、县上报的STD疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 1998～2002年全市累计报告STD 114443例，年平均发病率为74．14／10万。1998-2000年STD发病率呈上升趋势，报告发病率分别为66．29／10万、70．89／10万、87．49／10万。自2001年开始STD发病率呈下降趋势，2001、2002年报告发病率分别为79．42／10万和66．58／10万。淋病构成比呈逐年下降趋势，2002年尖锐湿疣(cA)报告病例数超过淋病，跃居第一，其构成比一直保持在3096以上。非淋菌性尿道(宫颈)炎、生殖器疱疹和梅毒所占比重呈逐年上升之势。1998～2002年共报告艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者116例，艾滋病(AIDS)12例，HIV感染者报告例数成倍增加，这表明重庆市AIDS流行已进入快速增长期。结论 重庆市STD发病率连续2年下降，是诸多因素造成的结果；2002年CA发病率超过淋病居首位，STD流行谱已发生改变；AIDS流行已进入快速增长期，提示预防控制AIDS／STD的措施和资源分配应作相应调整。

An Epidemiological Analysis of STD in Chongqing from 1998 to 2002

Objective To understand trends and epidemiological features of sexually transmitted diseases(STD) in Chongqing from 1998 to 2002 and provide scientific evidence for developing preventive strategies and distributing health resource effectively by the government and health sector.Methods STD case-reporting data collected from 43 counties and districts in Chongqing from 1998 to 2002 were analyzed with STD Data Management Software and Excel Software.Results A total of 114 443 cumulative cases with eight STDs were reported in Chongqing from 1998 to 2002.The annual prevalence was 74.14/105.The STD prevalence tended to increase from 1998 to 2000,which was 66.29/105,70.89/105 and 87.49/105 in the three respective years. Since 2001,the prevalence of STD had decreased.The prevalence of STD in 2001 and 2002 were 97.42/105 and 66.58/105 respectively.The ratio of Gonorrhea decreased gradually from 1998 to 2002.In 2002,the reported cases of Condyloma accuminatum(CA) exceeded those of Gonorrhea and stood the first among the eight STD,with a ratio above 30% percent.The ratio of Nongonococcal urethritis(NGU),Genital herpes(GH) and Sphilis increased annually.A total of 116 cumulative cases with HIV and 12 AIDS cases were reported from 1998 to 2002.This indicated that AIDS epidemic had reached a rapidly increasing period.Conclusion The prevalence of STD in Chongqing had decreased for two years as a result of various factors.The reported CA cases exceeded those of Gonorrhea in 2002 and stood the first among eight STD,implying a change in STD epidemic pattern.The AIDS epidemic has rearched in to a rapidly increasing period,which suggests a need of readjusting control measures and redistributing resources.