湖北地区居民腰围和体质量指数与高血压的相关性研究

目的探讨湖北地区居民腰围及体质量指数(BMI)与高血压之间的相关性。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,于2013年1月至2014年1月对湖北地区5个城区及5个乡村年龄15岁居民20 539例进行调查研究。通过体格检查、问卷调查的方式收集调查对象的个人基本情况及腰围等资料。结果男性及女性在高血压发病情况上差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。≥60岁3个不同年龄组(60~69,70~79,80~89岁)研究对象在高血压发病率上随年龄增加而逐渐升高,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。高血压组超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖、超重伴腹型肥胖发生率均高于非高血压组。两组人群在超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖、超重伴腹型肥胖发生率上差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。收缩压、年龄、基础代谢、身体脂肪率、内脏脂肪指数、性别均为BMI的危险因素;对于男性,舒张压、基础代谢、身体脂肪率、内脏脂肪指数为中心性肥胖的危险因素,年龄为中心性肥胖的保护因素;对于女性,舒张压、年龄、基础代谢、身体脂肪率、内脏脂肪指数为中心性肥胖的危险因素。结论湖北地区居民超重及肥胖形势严峻,腰围及BMI与高血压关系密切。

Correlation of body mass index and waist circumference with hypertension in residents of Hubei Province

Objective To investigate the correlation of waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) with hypertension among the residents living in Hubei Province. Methods A stratified multi-stage random sampling was carried out to subject 20 539 individuals (>15 years old) from 5 urban and 5 rural areas of Hubei Province. Their general information and clinical data were collected through physical examination and questionnaires. Results There was signficant difference in the incidence of hypertension between men and women (P<0.05). Among those older than 60 years, the incidence of hypertension was increased with aging, and with obvious difference in those of 60-69, 70-79 and 80-89 years old (P<0.05). The incidences of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, overweight with abdominal obesity were higher in the hypertensive group than in the non-hypertensive group (P<0.05). Age, sex, basic metabolism, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body fat percentage and visceral fat index were risk factors for BMI. For the males, basic metabolism, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body fat percentage and visceral fat index were risk factors for central obesity, but age was its protective factor. For the females, DBP, age, basic metabolism, body fat percentage and visceral fat index were risk factors for central obesity. Conclusion The situation of overweight and obesity is very serious in Hubei Province. Waist circumference and BMI are closely associated with hypertension.