大疱性类天疱疮与神经系统疾病相关性研究进展

大疱性类天疱疮(BP)是一种自身免疫性皮肤病,患者多为老年人。国内外诸多研究报道称BP患者常合并有神经系统疾病,其中以痴呆和脑血管事件最为常见。BP存在两种自身抗原,即大疱性类天疱疮自身抗原1(BPAG1)和大疱性类天疱疮自身抗原2(BPAG2)。这两种抗原都在中枢神经系统和皮肤中有表达。患者可能是由于血脑屏障受损导致中枢神经系统抗原暴露于免疫系统,继发的交叉免疫反应攻击皮肤中的自身抗原,使得BP发生。

Research progress on association between bullous pemphigoid and neurological diseases

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease, mostly affecting the elderly population. Many studies have reported that BP patients often complicate neurological diseases, with dementia and cerebral vascular event most common. There are 2 self antigens in BP, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 (BPAG1) and 2 (BPAG2). Both antigens are expressed in central nervous system and skin. Compromised blood brain barrier may expose the antigens in central nervous system to immune system, then subsequent cross-immune reaction attacks self antigens in the skin, and as the result, BP develops.