西安市养老机构服务因素对入住老年人生活质量的影响

目的：了解西安市养老机构老年人生活质量现况，探讨养老机构服务因素对老年人生活质量的影响。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法，调查西安市27所养老机构555名老年人。调查工具包括简明健康测量量表以及自行设计的养老机构调查问卷和老年人一般情况调查表，采用多元线性回归分析养老机构服务因素对养老机构老年人生活质量的影响。结果养老机构老人的生活质量处于良、中、差水平的比例分别是53.2％、44.3％、2.5％。养老机构配备医务室、护理员持证上岗、护理员有职称，以及养老机构提供心理护理、康复护理、文娱活动、临终关怀服务者，其入住老人生活质量更高。结论西安市养老机构老年人总体生活质量处于中等偏上水平，养老机构应加强医务室建设和管理，引进专业护理员并加强护理员管理，改善心理护理、康复护理、文娱活动、临终关怀等服务，更好地满足老年人的需求，提高老年人的生活质量。

Relationship between Service Quality and Quality of Life of Seniors in Nursing Homes

Objective To explore the current situation of the quality of life of seniors in nursing homes and to explore the correlation between the quality of life and service in nursing homes of Xi＇an. Methods Totally 555 elderly people and 27 nursing homes were selected by cluster sampling and investigated with questionnaires including the 36-hem Short-Form Health Survey （SF- 36）, a self-designed questionnaires for seniors and nursing homes. The relevant risk factors were analyzed by multiple liner regression analysis. Results The quality of life of seniors in nursing homes in good, moderate, and poor level were 53.2%, 44.3%, 2.5% respectively. Medical room, qualified nursing assistants, job classification for nursing assistants, psychological care, rehabilitation care, recreational activities, hospice care were the main factors that contributed to the quality of life among seniors in nursing homes. Conclusion The quality of life among this sample population remains in a middle and over level. Construction and management of medical room should be strengthened in nursing homes and qualified nursing assistants, clear job classification for nursing assistants, good service facilities and service quality of psychological care, rehabilitation care, recreational activities, hospice care will contribute to meeting the needs of the elderly and improving their quality of life.