皮下血肿和低血压对血液透析患者动静脉内瘘使用寿命的影响

目的探讨皮下血肿和低血压对血液透析患者动静脉内瘘使用寿命的影响,并采取有效的干预措施,以延长内瘘使用寿命。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2011年12月某三甲医院血液净化中心使用动静脉内瘘行血液透析治疗的患者共124例,探讨其皮下血肿和低血压因素与内瘘使用寿命的关系。结果本组28例患者动静脉内瘘使用寿命缩短,发生率为22.58%。皮下血肿和低血压是影响内瘘使用寿命的独立危险因素。有血肿和无血肿比较,血肿组发生内瘘堵塞的危险为无血肿组的5.688倍。低血压组发生内瘘堵塞的危险是无低血压组的3.757倍。内瘘一次穿刺成功率影响内瘘的中位生存时间。结论皮下血肿和低血压是内瘘使用寿命缩短的重要影响因素,对血液透析患者动静脉内瘘的有效护理干预是延长其使用寿命的关键。

Effects of Subcutaneous Hematoma and Hypotension in Hemodialysis Patients of Arteriovenous Fistula Usage Life

Objective To investigate subcutaneous hematoma and hypotension in hemodialysis patients of arteriovenous fistula usage life,and adopt effective interventions to prolong fistula usage life.MethodsClinical data of 124cases were analyzed restropectively,and analyze the relationship between subcutaneous hematoma and hypotension factors fistula usage life.Results 28cases occurred arteriovenous fistula shortened life expectancy,and incidence rate was 22.58%.Subcutaneous hematoma and hypotension was the independent risk factor for fistula usage life.The incidence rate of clogging fistula in hematoma group was 5.688times higher than group of patients with no hematoma.The incidence rate of clogging fistula in dialysis hypotension group was the 3.757times higher than group of patients with no hypotension.One time success rate affects the usage life of the fistula.Conclusion Subcutaneous hematoma and hypotension were the important factors for shortened life span of fistula,and the effective nursing intervention of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis patients was the key point to prolong the usage life.