瞬态诱发耳声发射对高危新生儿听力筛查的临床意义

目的：通过瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOAE）对高危新生儿听力筛查的情况，探讨某些高危因素对新生儿听力的影响，以利于听力障碍的早期发现、早期干预。方法：应用CAPELLA耳声发射分析仪对73例高危新生儿和66例正常新生儿分别于病情稳定后或出院前（生后7～32天）、生后3～8天进行TEOAE测试。结果：高危新生儿TEOAE未通过率为41．10％（30／73），与正常新生儿3．03％（2／66）比较，差异具有极显著意义（P〈0．01）。其中窒息组未通过率为45．16％，早产儿组为47．83％，低出生体重儿组为47．62％，高胆红素血症组为21．43％，3例重症肺炎1例未通过。结论窒息、早产、低出生体重及高胆红素血症等是影响新生儿听力常见的高危因素，对有高危因素的新生儿宜在出院前常规进行听力筛查，并追踪随访。TEOAE可作为高危新生儿听力筛查的一种有效的方法。

Clinical significance of hearing screening with transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions in high-risk neonates

Objective To explore the effect of some high-risk factors on neonatal hearing through the results of hearing screening with transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions(TEOAE) in high-risk neonates.Methods TEOAE was used to examine the hearing of 73 high-risk neonates before they discharged from the hospital and of 66 normal neonates 3 to 8 days after their birth.Results The failing rates of TEOAE in the high-risk neonates and normal neonates were 41.10 %(30/73)and 3.03%(2/66)respectively,with very significant difference(P<0.01),that of asphyxiated neonates,premature infants,low birth weight infants and neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were 45.16%,47.83%,47.62% and 21.43% respectively.1 of 3 cases with severe pneumonia did not pass TEOAE.ConclusionAsphyxia,preterm,low birth weight and hyperbilirubinemia are common high-risk factors of neonatal hearing impairment,therefore,neonates with high-risk factors should receive regular hearing screening before discharged from the hospital and be followed up.TEOAE is an effective test for hearing screening in high-risk neonates.