中国10个市县老年人大肠癌流行特征与趋势

目的分析中国10个市县老年人大肠癌流行特征。方法描述1988-2002年10个市县老年人(65岁)大肠癌发病、死亡的性别、年龄、城乡、时间变化特征与趋势。结果10个市县肿瘤登记处人口覆盖数为312 330 727人年，新发大肠癌62 793例，发病率20.10/10万。老年人大肠癌33 906例，发病率113.16/10万，占大肠癌发病的54.00％。老年人直肠癌和结肠癌发病率分别为49.81/10万和63.35/10万，占大肠癌发病的44.01％和55.99％。大肠癌死亡35 545例，死亡率11.38/10万。老年人大肠癌死亡22 753例，死亡率75.92/10万，占全部年龄大肠癌死亡的64.01％。老年人直肠癌和结肠癌死亡率分别为37.09/10万和38.86/10万。男性老年人大肠癌的发病率、死亡率分别高出女性30.23%、27.53%。城市老年人大肠癌发病率为农村地区的457%；死亡率是农村的366%。1988-2002年老年人大肠癌的发病率与死亡率均呈上升趋势。 结论老年人为大肠癌的高发人群。老年人大肠癌的防治已成为社会的重大课题。

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and trends of colorectal cancer among elderly patients in ten cities and counties in China

Objective To determine the epidemiologic characteristics of colorectal cancer among elderly patient in ten cities and counties in China. Methods The incidence, gender, age, location （city versus county） time distribution and epidemiologic trends of colorectal cancer among elderly patient （ age ≥ 65 years） from 1988 to 2002 in ten cities and counties in China were analyzed. Results Among a total of 312 330 727 person years registered in the ten cities/counties, 62 793 newly emerging colorectal cancer cases were reported with an incidence of 20.10/lakh, of which 33 906 cases of elderly patients were reported, the incidence being 113.16/lakh, accounting for 54.00% of all colorectal cancer cases. The incidence of colon cancer and rectal cancer was 49.81/lakh and 63.35/lakh, respectively, accounting for 44.01% and 55.99% of all colorectal cancer, respectively. There were 35 545 death cases of colorectal cancer, the mortality being 11.38/lakh. In elderly patients, there were 22 753 death cases with the mortality of 75.92/lakh, accounting for 64.01% of all death cases of colorectal cancer. The mortality of colon cancer and rectal cancer was 37.09/lakh and 38.86/lakh, respectively. The incidence and mortality in male elderly patients were 30.23% and 27.53% higher than those in female patients, respectively. The incidence of the elderly in urban areas was 457% of the one in rural areas, and the mortality in urban areas 366% of the one in rural areas. An ascending trend was shown in the incidence and mortality in elderly patients of colorectal cancer from 1988 to 2002. Conclusion The elderly have become the high risk group of colorectal cancer. Therefore, social attention shall be paid to the prevention and control of colorectal cancer for the elderly.