静脉留置针在CT及MRI对比剂注射中的应用

目的研究静脉留置针在CT，MRI对比剂注射中的应用并和常规头皮静脉针穿刺比较，以及观察拔针后两种按压方式对提高注射成功率和减少局部出血的效果。方法将502例运用高压注射器注射对比剂的增强患者分成留置针和头皮静脉针两组，观察比较对比剂外渗情况。然后，再在头皮针组内随机选120例分两组在拔针后将棉签分别垂直和平行于血管走行按压在血管上（A法和B法），比较局部出血情况。结果留置针注射对比剂外渗的发生率（0．57％）低于头皮静脉针组对比剂外渗的发生率（3．6％）；A，B两种按压方式局部出血的发生率相差13．3％。结论在CT，MRI增强造影运用留置针进行注射和拔针后棉签平行于血管走行按压可有效减少局部出血及其他不良反应，值得推广。

Application of intravenous retention-trocar for injecting contrast medium daring CT and MRI examinations

Objective To study the application of intravenous retention-trocar for injecting contrast medium during enhanced CT and MRI examinations and to compare with conventional percutaneous puncture ,simultaneously,to observe the efficacy of two hemostatic mode in elevating the successful rate of injection and reducing local hemorrhage after extracting needle.Methods Five hundred and two patients who underwent contrast enhancement with high-pressure injestor were divided into two groups of intravenous retention-trocar and conventional pereutaneous puncture.The exosmosis state of contrast medium were observed for each case.Subsequently,60 patients in conventional percutaueous puncture group were divided again into two groups according to hemostatic mode after extracting needle,which comprised vertical and paraller pressure on injected vessels with cotton ball to compare the local hemorrhage.Results The incidence of contrast medium exosmosis in intravenous retention-trocar group （0.568%） was less than that of conventional percutanecus puncture group （3.567%）,while the hemorrhagic incidence of vertical pressure mode was more than that of paraller pressure mode （difference of 13.3%）. Conclusion For enhanced CT and MRI examinations,intravenous retention trocar and paraller pressure mode may effectively reduce local hemorrhage and other adverse reactions so that worth wide application.