高尿酸血症在北京地区1997人中的患病情况及相关因素分析

目的调查人群中高尿酸血症的患病率并对其相关因素进行分析。方法对1997名体检人群进行横断面调查,通过Logistic多元回归模型分析与高尿酸血症相关的人口学特征、饮食和生活习惯及临床指标。结果该人群中男性高尿酸血症的患病人数163例,占13．8％;女性46例,占6．0％。Logistic多元回归模型显示男性、少数民族（回族）、肾功能重度受损、使用利尿剂、超重／肥胖、高血压、高甘油三脂血症与高尿酸血症的危险性升高相关,而退休与高尿酸血症的危险性降低相关。结论男性、少数民族（回族）、肾功能重度受损、使用利尿剂、超重／肥胖、高血压、高甘油三酯血症可能是高尿酸血症的危险因素;退休可能是保护因素。

A cross-sectional study of hyperuricemia in state-employees in Beijing: prevalence and risk factors

OBJECTIVE: To investigate prevalence of hyperuricemia and its risk factors in Beijing. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in four groups of state-employees in Beijing, China. Demographic, dietary and clinical data were collected by questionnaires, physical examination, and biochemical assay. Data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS: 1217 men and 780 women participated in the study. HDL and LDL were excluded as they were not missing completely at random in missing variable analysis. The serum uric acid level was (331 +/- 74) micromol/L (mean +/- SD) for men and (254 +/- 61) micromol/L (mean +/- SD) for women. It was stable for both sexes before the age of 50, increased in women but tended to decrease in man thereafter. 13.8% of men and 6.0% of women had hyperuricemia, which was defined as serum uric acid >or= 416.4 micromol/L in men and >or= 356.9 micromol/L in women, or taking medication for it. The prevalence of hyperuricemia increased steadily as women aged and surpassed that of men after the age of 70, while it appeared to decrease after 60 in men. Multivariate logistic regression models found that male gender (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.63 - 3.69), non-Han Chinese ethnicity (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.02 - 5.98 for Chinese Muslim), renal dysfunction (OR 12.88, 95% CI 4.07 - 40.79 for GFR < 30 ml/min), and diuretics (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.42 - 3.57) were associated with increased risk of hyperuricemia, whereas retirement (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.12 - 0.38) was associated with substantially reduced risk of hyperuricemia, after adjusted for overweight/obesity, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. Age, menopause, low-dose aspirin were not found to be associated with hyperuricemia independently. Although retirement was associated with less consumption of meat, fat, alcohol (beer, hard liquor, and wine), and more physical exercises, neither of these factors were found to be associated with hyperuricemia independently. CONCLUSIONS: Male gender, non-Han Chinese ethnicity (Muslim), renal dysfunction, diuretics, overweight/obesity, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia are associated with increased risk of hyperuricemia. Retirement is associated with reduced risk of hyperuricemia.