提高外环境水体中霍乱弧菌检出率的方法研究

目的 了解外环境水体标本在庆大霉素平板上的菌群分布及优势菌的耐药谱,研究提高霍乱弧菌检出率的方法.方法 采集闽江水体用庆大平板分离培养,用K-B法检测20种抗菌药物对优势菌的敏感性；选择痢特灵,将不含霍乱弧菌的水样一代以及二代增菌液作为稀释液,对不同型别的霍乱弧菌进行倍比稀释,观察其在庆大平皿上的生长情况.结果 330份标本共检出优势菌151株,其中79.5％为气单胞菌.151株优势菌对阿米卡星、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星等9种抗菌素的敏感率达80％以上.在一代增菌液为稀释介质的生长试验中,当痢特灵的浓度≥4μg/mL时,不同型别的霍乱弧菌能检测到的最低菌浓度均有一定的提高；而以二代增菌液为稀释介质时,痢特灵的浓度需≥8μg/mL或16 μg/mL.结论 在庆大霉素琼脂平皿中加入不同浓度的痢特灵,在一定程度上能提高霍乱弧菌的检出率.

Study on a method of improving the detection rate of Vibrio Cholerae in environmental water sample

Objective To study the bacteria distribution and drug resistance of dominant bacteria on gentamicin agar in en vironmental water sample for improving detection rate of Vibrio Cholerae （VC）. Methods Minjiang water samples were cultured and isolated by gentamicin agar and dominant bacteria was analyzed. The sensitivities of 20 kinds of antibiotics were detected by KB assay. Different types of VC were diluted by first and second generation enrichment broth with out VC. Furazolidone was added to gentamicin agar and VC growth on the agar was observed. Results Totally 151 strains from 330 samples were detected and in which 120 strains were aeromonas （79.5%）. The sensitivity rates of 151 strains to 9 antibiotics （amikacin, norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin and so on） were 80% or more. Using the first genera tion enrichment broth as dilution medium, when the concentrations of furazolidone ≥4 μg/mL,the lowest concentra tions were raised in different types of VC, while using the second generation enrichment broth, the lowest concentra tions should reach to ≥8μg/ml or ≥16μg/mL. Conclusion The detection rate of VC can be improved by adding dif ferent concentrations of furazolidone.