崇左市2005～2012年狂犬病流行病学分析

目的 分析广西崇左市2005～2012年狂犬病疫情流行病学特点,为狂犬病防治提供依据. 方法 收集2005～2012年崇左市狂犬病疫情资料和流行病学个案调查资料进行流行病学分析. 结果 崇左市2005～2012年共报告狂犬病116例,年均发病率为0.68/10万,病死率为100％.7县(市、区)均有病例报告,病例最多的是宁明县43例,其次是龙州县18例,江州区和扶绥县各16例,4县(区)病例占病例总数的80.17％.男性发病数多于女性,男女比例为1.37∶1,发病主体以农民为主(78.45％),其次是学生(6.90％)和散居儿童(5.17％).夏秋季为狂犬病高发季节,农村地区养犬数量多,犬只免疫率低,伤口处理不及时和不规范,没有注射狂犬疫苗和抗狂犬病毒血清或人源抗狂犬病免疫球蛋白是导致狂犬病发病的主要原因. 结论 加强对狂犬病高发地区的疫情防控工作,控制犬只数量、提高犬只的免疫率,加大狂犬病防治知识宣传,提高狂犬病暴露后人群的治疗率是有效降低发病率的关键.

Epidemiology of rabies in Chongzuo City from 2005 to 2012

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Chongzuo City from 2005 to 2012, provide evidence for the prevention and control of rabies. Methods The data of rabies epidemics from 2005 to 2012 in Chongzuo City were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 116 cases of rabies were reported from 2005 to 2012, and average annual incidence rate was 0.68 per 100 thousand per year, the fatality rate was 100%. 7 counties（city,area）all had rabies case reported, the most cases of Ningming County is 43 cases,followed by Long Zhou county is 18 cases, Jiangzhou Area and Fusui County is 16 cases,4 Counties cases accounted for 80.17% of total cases. The incidence of male than female,male to female ratio is 1.37：1 ,the incidence of the main farmers （78.45%）,followed By students （6.90%）and scattered children（5.17%）. High incidence of rabies in the summer and autumn season,raises the dog number in rural areas, dogs immunisation rates were low,the wound was not treated in time and is not standardized, no rabies vaccine and anti-rabies virus serum or human rabies immunoglobulin injection is a major cause of rabies. Conclusions Strengthen epidemic prevention and control of rabies in the work,control the number of dogs and improve immunity rates of the dog, increase the rabies prevention knowledge propaganda and Improve rabies post-exposure treatment rates of people is the key to effectively reduce morbidity.