Psychometric properties of the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology: A systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK;2. Social Dimensions of Health Institute, University of Dundee, DD1 4HJ, UK;3. Applied Medical Sciences (Psychiatry), University of Aberdeen, Royal Cornhill Hospital, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZH, UK;1. Department of Psychology, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States;2. Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States;3. Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States;4. Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States;1. Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Guthrie Hall, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, United States;2. Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Mather Memorial 103, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-7123, United States;1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York;2. Department of Internal Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York;3. Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York;1. Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 62, 4055 Basel, Switzerland;2. Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4027 Basel, Switzerland;3. Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052 Basel, Switzerland;4. Division of Neuropediatrics and Developmental Medicine, University Children''s Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 33, 4056 Basel, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Effective management of depression is predicated upon reliable assessment. The Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) is a depression severity scale with both self-rated (QIDS-SR16) and clinician-rated (QIDS-C16) versions. Although widely used in research, the psychometric properties of the QIDS16 have not been systematically reviewed. We performed a systematic review of studies of the psychometric properties (factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, test-retest reliability and responsiveness to change) of the QIDS-SR16 or QIDS-C16. Six databases were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CinAHL, Web of Science and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Findings were summarised, bias assessed and correlations with reference standards were pooled. 37 studies (17,118 participants) were included in the review. Both versions of the QIDS16 were unidimensional. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.69 to 0.89 for the QIDS-SR16 and 0.65 to 0.87 for the QIDS-C16. The QIDS-SR16 correlated moderately to highly with several depression severity scales. Seven studies were pooled where QIDS-SR16 was correlated with the HRSD-17 (r = 0.76, CI 0.69, 0.81) in patients diagnosed with depression. Four studies examined convergent validity with the QIDS-C16. Four studies examined discriminant validity, for the QIDS-SR16 alone. Eighteen studies had at least one author who was a co-author of the original QIDS16 study. Most studies were conducted in the USA (n = 26). The QIDS-SR16 and the QIDS-C16 are unidimensional rating scales with acceptable internal consistency. To justify the use of the QIDS16 scale in clinical practice, more research is needed on convergent and discriminant validity, and in populations outside the USA. |
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| Keywords: | Depression Psychometric Meta-analysis Systematic review Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology |
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