Corpus callosum atrophy associated with the degree of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's dementia or mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis of the region of interest structural imaging studies |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of New South Wales, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, AGSM, NSW 2052, Australia;1. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;2. University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy;3. Fundación para el Estudio y Tratamiento de las Enfermedades Mentales (FETEM), Cerviño 4634 5th floor Apt. B, Buenos Aires C1425AHQ, Argentina;4. Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria—FMUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil;5. Centre for Academic Mental Health, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK;6. Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Qc H4H 1R3, Canada;7. Service Hospitalo Universitaire, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, Inserm, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France;8. Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany;9. F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | Individual structural neuroimaging studies of the corpus callosum (CC) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with the region of interest (ROI) analysis have yielded inconsistent findings. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of structural imaging studies using ROI technique to measure the CC midsagittal area changes in patients with AD or MCI. Databases of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the ISI Web of Science, and Science Direct from inception to June 2014 were searched with key words “corpus callosum” or “callosal”, plus “Alzheimer's disease” or “mild cognitive impairment”. Twenty-three studies with 603 patients with AD, 146 with MCI, and 638 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis. Effect size was used to measure the difference between patients with AD or MCI and healthy controls. Significant callosal atrophy was found in MCI patients with an effect size of −0.36 (95% CI, -0.57 to −0.14; P = 0.001). The degree of the CC atrophy in mild AD was less severe than that in moderate AD with a mean effect size −0.69 (95% CI, -0.89 to −0.49) versus −0.92 (95% CI, -1.16 to −0.69), respectively. Comparing with healthy controls, patients with MCI had atrophy in the anterior portion of the CC (i.e., rostrum and genu). In contrast, patients with AD had atrophy in both anterior and posterior portions (i.e., splenium). These results suggest that callosal atrophy may be related to the degree of cognitive decline in patients with MCI and AD, and it may be used as a biomarker for patients with cognitive deficit even before meeting the criteria for AD. |
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| Keywords: | Alzheimer's disease Mild cognitive impairment Corpus callosum Magnetic resonance imaging Meta-analysis |
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