四城市成年居民夏季不同时间段饮水行为的分析

目的分析北京、成都、上海、广州居民的夏季一天不同时间段的饮水行为。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法从四城市抽取18～60岁成年人1483名,使用连续7天的饮水记录表,由调查对象利用定量用具详细记录每天8个时间段内每次饮水的种类及饮水量。结果调查对象早、中、晚餐后的饮水率(97%～99%)及饮水量(290～471ml)较其他5个时间段高(饮水率:49%～88%;饮水量:54～166ml,F=972.55,P<0.01);白水、茶水、饮料的饮水人数与饮水量的分布情况同总水趋势一致。调查对象上午(719ml/d)的饮水量最高,其次是下午(539ml/d),晚上(417ml/d)的最低(F=265.49,P<0.01)。白水和饮料的饮用量均是上午最高;茶水上午和下午的接近,同时高于晚上(t=-52.13,P<0.01)。非就餐时(1436ml/d)的饮水量高于就餐时(240ml/d)的饮水量。就餐时饮料的饮用量最高;非就餐时白水的饮用量最高(P<0.05)。结论我国四城市居民在上午、下午、晚上均以饮用白水为主;就餐时以饮用饮料为主,非就餐时以白水为主。

Drinking behaviors of adults at different time of day in four cities of China in summer

Objective To investigate the drinking behaviors of adults at different time of day in four cities of China in summer.Methods A total of 1483 adults aged 18-60 years old from Beijing,Shanghai,Chengdu and Guangzhou were selected using multiple-stage random sampling method.The information of amounts and types of daily drinking water was recorded by subjects for seven consecutive days using a quantitative measurement.Results The proportion(97%-99%) and mean(290-471ml) of drinking water of subjects after breakfast,lunch and supper are higher than other time of day(P<0.01).The distribution of plain water,tea,beverages at different time of day was the same as total drinking water.Among three periods a day,the amount of drinking water in the morning(719ml/d) was the most,followed by in the afternoon(539ml/d),and the least in the evening(417ml/d),the difference was statistically significant(F=972.55,P<0.01).The highest consumption of plain water and beverages were in the morning.The consumption of tea in the morning was close to it in the afternoon and higher than that in the evening(t=-52.13,P<0.01).The average daily drinking water in mealtime was 240ml,while non-mealtime was 1436ml,so the difference was statistically significant.Beverages in non-mealtime were higher than mealtime while plain water in non-meal time was higher than meal time(P<0.05).Conclusion The highest consumption of drinking was plain water among three periods a day,and beverages were higher in mealtime while plain water higher in non-mealtime.