2007年和2008年宁夏鼠疫疫源地高危人群血清流行病学调查

目的 了解2007年和2008年宁夏鼠疫自然疫源地人群鼠疫F1抗体水平和分布情况.方法 采集宁夏鼠疫发生地和动物鼠疫流行疫源地的5个市(县)居民血样718份作为调查对象,采集非疫区居民血样475份作为对照组.用间接血凝试验、胶体金试验、酶联免疫吸附试验3种方法检测人群鼠疫F1抗体.两种以上方法检测为阳性者,判定为阳性血样;抗体滴度没有达到阳性判定标准者,判定为可疑血样.结果 检测718份血样,检出阳性血样9份(滴度在1:16～1:64),阳性率为1.25%(9/718);可疑血样28份,检出率为3.90%(28/718).3种方法检测非疫区人群血样475份,全部为阴性.疫区和非疫区人群血清鼠疫F1抗体阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.44,P<0.05).间接血凝试验、胶体金试验、酶联免疫吸附试验3种检测方法的阳性率1.25%(9/718)、1.25%(9/718)、2.51%(18/718)]比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.91,P>0.05).结论 宁夏鼠疫自然疫源地内尚存在一定比例的鼠疫F1抗体阳性人群,均分布在近几年有动物鼠疫流行的地区.

Seroepidemiology investigation of high-risk population with plague foci in Ningxia in 2007 and 2008

Objective To understand the level and distribution of antibody F1 against plague in population of Ningxia natural plague foci in 2007 and 2008. Methods Seven hundred and eighteen blood samples were collected in five major cities and counties of natural plague foci, and 475 blood samples were collected in nonplague area as control group. Conventional indirect hemagglutination, colloidal gold test, and enzyme-linked immunoassay were employed to test the antibody. If the result was tested positive by more than two methods used then the result was defined as positive. Antibody titer that did not reach the positive standard was defined as suspected samples. Results A total of 718 serum samples were tested, the results showed that 9 samples were positive (antibody titer was 1:16 - 1:64), the positive rate was 1.25%(9/718), suspected samples was 28, the detection rate was 3.90%(28/718). Four hundred and seventy-five serum samples in the non-plague area were all negative by the three methods. There was a significant difference of antibody F1 positive rate between residents in historical epidemic area and history nonepidemic area(χ2 = 4.44, P< 0.05). There was no statistical significance of the positive rate1.25%(9/718), 1.25%(9/718),2.51%(18/718)]among the three methods used(χ2 = 1.91, P> 0.05). Conclusion There still exists a certain proportion of Fl antibody positive people in Ningxia natural plague foci, and these people are distributed in areas where several animal plague prevalent in recent years.