四川省食品中重要食源性病原菌污染监测与分析

[目的]了解四川省主要食品中弯曲杆菌、单核细胞增生性李斯特菌、O157大肠杆菌、沙门菌、副溶血性弧菌5种食源性致病菌的污染状况,为食品安全预警和预防食物中毒提供科学依据。[方法]在四川省5个地区抽检生畜(禽)肉、水产品、熟肉制品、生食蔬菜、速冻米面5类食物样品共929份,依据国标法和特定新方法,运用API卡和VITEK32全自动微生物分析系统对样品进行病原菌分离、鉴定。[结果]从929份样品中共检出180株病原菌,总检出率为19.4%,其中弯曲杆菌17株,检出率9.0%,单核细胞增生性李斯特菌130株,检出率14.0%,O157大肠杆菌17株,检出率2.5%,沙门菌5株,检出率0.7%,副溶血性弧菌11株,检出率5.7%;5类食品中病原菌阳性率最高的是水产品(35.8%),其次为生畜(禽)肉(26.1%),第3为熟肉制品(9.4%)。[结论]四川地区居民主要消费食品中存在着较为严重的食源性病原菌污染,其中水产品和生畜(禽)肉是主要的污染食品;单核细胞增生性李斯特菌在冷冻(藏)禽肉和水产品中污染严重,分别为47.5%和28.5%,在直接入口的熟肉制品中单核细胞增生性李斯特菌的污染率达到8.8%。应进一步加强食源性病原菌的监测和研究。

SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS OF CONTAMINATION SITUATION OF IMPORTANT FOODBORNE PATHOGENS IN FOOD IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

[Objective]To know the contamination condition of five foodborne pathogens of Campylobacter,Listeria monocytogenes,EHEC O157,Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus,to provide scientific basis for early warning of food safety and prevention of food poisoning.[Methods]A total of 929 random samples collected from 5 cities of Sichuan province included raw meats,fishery products,cooked meat products,vegetable that can be eaten raw and quick-frozen rice products.According to the national standard method and specific new method,these samples were examined five pathogens,and API analysis system and VITEK32 microbiology analysis system were used to identify pathogens.[Results]180 strains of pathogens were detected from 929 samples;the total detectable rate was 19.4%.The number of strains and detectable rates for Campylobacter,Listeria monocytogenes,EHEC O157,Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus respectively were 17(9.0%),130(14.0%),17(2.5%),5(0.7%)and 11(5.7%).In five kinds of food,the detectable rate of aquatic products was the highest(35.8%),and then was that of raw meat(26.1%),and that of cooked meat products(9.4%)followed.[Conclusions]The study demonstrates that the contamination situation of foodborne pathogens in food in Sichuan Province is rather severe,and the major contaminated food are aquatic products and raw meat.The detectable rates of Listeria monocytogenes in frozen poultry meat and aquatic products are 47.5% and 28.5%,respectively,which showed that the contamination situation is severe;and the detectable rate of Listeria monocytogenes in cooked meat products is up to 8.8%.So,surveillance and further study on foodborne pathogens should be strengthened.