职业性三苯接触对人外周血淋巴细胞染色体结构的影响

[目的]探讨长期接触混苯对人外周血淋巴细胞染色体结构的影响。[方法]用细胞遗传学方法对78名混苯作业工人（接触组）和78名食品加工厂工人（对照组）进行外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变、姊妹染色单体互换、微核率进行测定。[结果]接触组染色体畸变、总畸变率及细胞畸变率均高于对照组（P〈0．01），畸变类型以染色体裂隙和断裂为主，而两组的非整倍体检出率、姊妹染色体单体互换差别均无显著性（P〉0.05）。接触组无论是微核率和微核细胞率均高于对照组（P〈0．001）。同时发现，饮酒可能增加混苯的吸收，进而增加对混苯接触者的遗传毒性。[结论]职业性混苯接触可引起人外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变。

Research on the Relationship between Occupational Exposure to Mixed Benzene and Chromosomal Aberration of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

[Objective]To study the effect on chromosomal structure of peripheral blood lymphocytes in workers exposed to mixed benzene for long time. [ Methods ] With method of cellular genetics to analyze chromosomal aberration of peripheral blood lymphocytes, sister chromatid exchange and micronucleus rate in 78 mixed-benzene-exposed workers ( exposure group ) and 78 foodstuff workers (control group). [Results] Chromosomal aberration rate, overall aberration and cellular aberration in exposure group were higher than those in the control group(P < 0.01 ). The major types of aberration were chromosome gap and breakage, but the difference in both rates of aneuploidy and sister chromatid exchange between two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Micronucleus rate and micronucleus cell rate of the exposure group were higher than those in the control group (P< 0.01). At the same time, intaking alcohol might be a fact, or which would aggravate the genetic toxicity of benzene. [ Conclusion ] Occupational exposure to mixed benzene may induce chromosomal aberration of peripheral blood lymphocytes.