胰十二指肠切除术后迟发性大出血危险因素分析与治疗

目的探讨胰十二指肠切除术(PD)后迟发性大出血的危险因素和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2019年1月于南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院行PD治疗的222例患者临床资料,总结出血的原因、时间、治疗及转归等,单因素分析和Logistic 回归分析PD术后迟发性大出血的危险因素。结果发生迟发性大出血17例(7.7%),包括腹腔出血13例,消化道出血4例,总体死亡率35.3%(6/17),出血时间为术后12(5~23)d。术前总胆红素≥171 μmol/L(OR=1.011,95% CI:1.000~1.020,P=0.043)、术后腹腔感染(OR=4.012,95% CI:1.302~12.357,P=0.016)、术后B级以上胰瘘(P<0.05)是PD术后迟发性大出血的独立危险因素。结论术前降低胆红素水平、积极治疗术后胰瘘和控制腹腔感染是预防PD术后迟发性大出血发生的关键,应根据患者实际情况选择个体化的干预策略。

Risk factors and treatment strategy of delayed massive hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy

ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors and treatment of delayed massive hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). MethodsFrom January 2010 to January 2019, clinical data of 222 patients who underwent PD in Huai’an First Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospective analyzed. The cause, time, treatment and outcome of bleeding were summarized. Univariate and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of delayed bleeding after PD. ResultsThere were 17 cases (7.7%) of delayed massive hemorrhage after PD, including 13 cases of abdominal hemorrhage and 4 cases of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The overall mortality was 35.3% (6/17), the bleeding time was 12 (5-23) days after operation. Preoperative total bilirubin≥171 μmol/L (OR=1.011, 95% CI: 1.000-1.020, P=0.043), postoperative abdominal infection (OR=4.012, 95% CI: 1.302-12.357, P=0.016), and postoperative pancreatic fistula above grade B (P<0.05) were independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of delayed massive hemorrhage after PD. ConclusionsReducing bilirubin levels before surgery, actively treating pancreatic fistula after surgery, and controlling abdominal infections are the keys to preventing its occurrence. Specific treatment and individual intervention strategies should be based on the actual situation of patients.