苍耳子的化学成分研究

研究菊科植物苍耳Xanthium sibiricum的干燥成熟带总苞的果实(苍耳子)的化学成分。采用硅胶柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20,ODS和HPLC等色谱方法进行分离纯化,并结合HR-ESI-MS与现代波谱学技术鉴定化合物结构。采用脂多糖(LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞RAW264.7为筛选模型评价分离得到化合物的抗炎活性。从苍耳子95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到了21个化合物,分别鉴定为尿嘧啶(1),胸腺嘧啶(2),尿苷(3),吲哚-3-甲醛(4),吲哚-3-甲酸(5),2′-O-methyluridine(6),鸟苷(7),2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione(8),3-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)indolin-2-one(9),nicotinamide(10),N-acetyl-L-phenylalaninol(11),heliolactam(12),terresoxazine(13),告达亭(14),qingyangshengenin(15),告达亭-3-O-β-D-夹竹桃吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-加拿大麻吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-加拿大麻吡喃糖苷(16),告达亭-3-O-β-D-加拿大麻吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-夹竹桃吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-加拿大麻吡喃糖基-(1→4)-β-D-加拿大麻吡喃糖苷(17),caudatin-3-O-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropy-ranoside(18),qinyangshengenin-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(19),qinyangshengenin-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranoside(20),rostratamine-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(21)。化合物5~21为首次从苍耳属植物中分离得到。对分离得到的21个化合物进行抗炎活性筛选,其中,化合物12~13具有抗炎活性,其IC50分别为(15.45±0.56),(20.14±0.78)μmol·L-1。

Chemical constituents from Xanthii Fructus

This study was carried out to investigate the chemical constituents from Xanthii Fructus(the fruits of Xanthium sibiricum).The compounds were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 and ODS chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC.Base on HR-ESI-MS,NMR and other spectral data,their structures were identified.The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced macrophage RAW264.7 as a screening model.A total of twenty-one compounds were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of 95%ethanol extract and identified as uracil(1),thymine(2),uridine(3),indole-3-carbaldehyde(4),indole-3-carboxylic acid(5),2′-O-methyluridine(6),guanosine(7),2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione(8),3-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)indolin-2-one(9),nicotinamide(10),N-acetyl-L-phenylalaninol(11),heliolactam(12),terresoxazine(13),caudatin(14),qingyangshengenin(15),caudatin-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(16),caudatin-3-O-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(17),caudatin-3-O-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(18),qinyangshengenin-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(19),qinyangshengenin-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-digitoxopyranoside(20),rostratamine-3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside(21).Compounds 5-21 are obtained from genus Xanthium for the first time.Compounds 12 and 13 indirectly exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of(15.45±0.56)and(20.14±0.78)μmol·L-1,respectively.