凹凸棒石的土壤生态效应及其在中药材生态种植中的应用前景

中药材种植中长期大量使用化肥、农药,导致中药材产区土壤次生盐渍化、土壤板结、土壤酸化、连作障碍、微生态失衡、土壤病虫害严重等土壤生态环境问题突出。因此,推行中药材生态种植是中药材生产的必由之路。凹凸棒石(attapulgite,ATP)是一种层链状结构的含水富镁铝硅酸盐黏土矿物,在我国储量丰富,具纳米材料属性,且具有强的吸附性和离子交换性等优良特性,有巨大的高值利用空间。ATP及功能产品具有保水、保肥、调节土壤理化性质和微生态等土壤生态效应,在中药材生态种植有广泛的利用价值。该文综述ATP的资源分布、结构特性、土壤生态效应研究及应用进展,展望ATP在中药材生态种植中的应用前景,以期为我国中药材生产的可持续发展提供参考。

Soil ecological effect of attapulgite and its application prospect in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica

The long-term and extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of Chinese materia medica has resulted in serious soil ecological and environmental problems such as secondary salinization,soil consolidation,soil acidification,continuous cropping obstacles,micro-ecological imbalance,and serious soil pests and diseases in the production areas of Chinese materia medica.Therefore,promoting the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica is the only way for the production of Chinese materia medica.Attapulgite(ATP)is a kind of water-rich magnesium-rich aluminosilicate clay mineral with layered and chain structure.It has abundant reserves in China,possesses nano-material properties,strong adsorption and ion exchange properties,and has huge high value utilization space.ATP and its functional products have the potential of water and fertilizer conservation,regulating soil structure and micro-ecology,and are widely used in ecological planting of Chinese materia medica.This paper reviews the resource distribution,structural characteristics,the research and application progress in soil ecological effects of ATP,and prospects the application prospects of it in the ecological planting of Chinese materia medica.