川产道地药材姜黄、郁金新品种“川姜黄1号”选育研究

采用系统选育方法,选育高产优质的姜黄新品种"川姜黄1号"。2014—2015年在双流、崇州、温江开展连续2年多点试验,对其生物学性状、物候期、农艺性状、产量和品质等指标进行综合考评。结果表明,"川姜黄1号"与当地对照比较,姜黄(根茎)平均增产20.61%,挥发油平均高出24.17%,姜黄素含量平均提高26.62%;郁金(块根)平均增产54.59%,挥发油平均高出36.28%,总姜黄素含量平均提高25.31%。"川姜黄1号"与"黄丝郁金1号"相比,姜黄(根茎)平均增产123.68%,挥发油平均提高7.69%,姜黄素含量平均高出58.23%;郁金(块根)挥发油平均提高52.82%,总姜黄素含量平均高出38.34%。新品种"川姜黄1号"与当地对照相比具有较好的丰产性,且所产姜黄、郁金的内在品质均较优;与"黄丝郁金1号"相比其所产姜黄的产量明显增加,并且姜黄、郁金的内在品质优,尤其是姜黄的姜黄素及郁金的总姜黄素含量显著高于"黄丝郁金1号"。"川姜黄1号"产量高、内在品质优,稳定性好、适应性强,适宜在成都金马河流域的双流、崇州、温江等地栽培推广。

Breeding of a new cultivar "Chuanjianghuang 1" of Sichuan Dao-di herbs Curcumae Longae Rhizoma and Curcumae Radix

The systematic breeding method was adopted to breed a new good cultivar of Curcuma longa,named"Chuanjianghuang 1".From 2014 to 2015,two consecutive years of multi-point test were carried out in Shuangliu,Chongzhou and Wenjiang.The biological characters,phenology,agronomic characters,yield and quality indexes of"Chuanjianghuang 1"were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that compared with local traditional species,the rhizome yield of the new cultivar"Chuanjianghuang 1"increased by 20.61%.The average content of volatile oil was higher than 24.17%and the average content of curcumin in root tuber was higher than 26.62%.The yield of root tuber increased by 54.59%.The average content of volatile oil is higher than 36.28%and the average content of curcuminoids is higher than 25.31%.Compared with"Huangsi Yujin 1","Chuanjianghuang 1"increased the average yield of rhizome by 123.68%,the volatile oil increased by an average of 7.69%and the curcumin content increased by an average of 58.23%.The average content of volatile oil is higher than 52.82%and the average content of curcuminoids in root tuber was higher than 38.34%.The new variety"Chuanjianghuang 1"has better yield than the local traditional species,and the internal quality of rhizome and root tuber is better.Compared with"Huangsi Yujin 1",the yield of rhizome is significantly increased,and the internal quality of rhizome and root tuber is better,especially the content of curcumin in rhizome and curcuminoids in root tuber is significantly higher than that of"Huangsi Yujin 1"."Chuanjianghuang 1"is high yield,good quality,good stability and strong adaptability,which is suitable for cultivation and promotion in Chengdu Jinma River Basin,such as Shuangliu,Chongzhou,Wenjiang.